中药渣对牛粪蚯蚓堆肥过程中耐药基因的影响  

Effects of Chinese herbal residues on antibiotic resistance genes in vermicomposting with cow dung

作　　者：赵冉 韩秉君 王宽 周兴志 李雪平 李雪 刘一鸣 杨凤霞 丁永祯 ZHAO Ran;HAN Bingjun;WANG Kuan;ZHOU Xingzhi;LI Xueping;LI Xue;LIU Yiming;YANG Fengxia;DING Yongzhen(Agro-Environmental Protection Institute,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Tianjin 300191,China;Tianjin Fuying Agricultural Science and Technology Co.Ltd.,Tianjin 301701,China;Hong′an Agriculture and Rural Bureau,Hubei Province,Hong′an 438499,China)

机构地区：[1]农业农村部环境保护科研监测所,天津300191 [2]天津福盈农业科技有限公司,天津301701 [3]湖北省红安县农业农村局,湖北红安438499

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2024年第7期1639-1647,共9页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(Y2024QC28);国家重点研发计划课题(2022YFD1601103);国家自然科学基金项目(42077355);天津市自然科学基金项目(23JCYBJC00250)。

摘　　要：蚯蚓堆肥可削减畜禽粪便中部分耐药基因(ARGs),为进一步削减ARGs残留,本研究通过向牛粪蚯蚓堆肥中加入3%的板蓝根(BG)等8种不同抑菌功效的中药渣,研究其对ARGs和可移动遗传元件(MGEs)的动态变化影响(0~28 d)。结果表明:不同中药渣对蚯蚓的存活影响不同,当归(DG)和板蓝根有利于其存活,而枸杞(GQ)、苦参(KS)、蒲公英(PY)和三七(SQ)对其存活不利。堆体中ARGs普遍存在,优势主导基因为sul-ARGs、tetX和str-ARGs。不同中药渣对ARGs影响不同,28 d的ARGs丰度为:DG<ZS(紫苏)<BG<CK<PY<KS<GG(葛根)<SQ<GQ,DG对sul-ARGs和str-ARGs的去除更为有效,前者中的sul1和sul2的去除率分别为81.50%和82.72%;后者中strB的去除率为72.02%。DG、ZS和BG对MGEs中的intI1的削减率分别为84.76%、79.72%和58.58%,对intI2的削减均达到100%;其他中药渣对intI1有促进增殖作用。研究表明,不同中药渣对蚯蚓堆肥过程ARGs和MGEs的影响存在差异,当归、板蓝根和紫苏可有效减少ARGs的污染和传播风险。Vermicomposting can reduce certain antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs)in animal manure,although residual ARGs are still present in worm casts.In this study,we performed vermicomposting with cow dung to investigate how adding 8 different Chinese herbal residues(3%)with varying antibacterial effects would affect the dynamic changes of antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs)and mobile genetic elements(MGEs)over 28 days.Our results indicated that different Chinese herb residues exerted varying effects on earthworm survival,with Radix Angelica Sinensis(DG)and Radix isatidis(BG)being favorable for their growth,while Wolfberry(GQ),Sophora flavescens(KS),Dandelion(PY)and Panax notoginseng(SQ)being detrimental to the same.ARGs were common in the compost substrate,with the dominant genes being sul-ARGs,tetX,and str-ARGs.Different Chinese herbal residues exerted distinct effects on the ARGs,with the abundance ranking on the 28th day as follows:DG<ZS(perilla frutescens)<BG<CK<PY<KS<GG(puerarin)<SQ<GQ.DG was particularly effective in removing sul-ARGs and str-ARGs with removal rates of 81.50%,82.72%,and 72.02%for sul1 sul2,and strB,respectively.DG,ZS,and BG displayed high reduction rates(i.e.,84.76%,79.72%,and 58.58%,respectively)for intI1 in the MGEs and a reduction rate of 100%for intI2,while other Chinese herbal residues promoted intI1 proliferation.In conclusion,our study indicated that different Chinese herb residues exert varying effects on ARGs and MGEs during vermicomposting,and selecting appropriate herb residues,such as angelica sinensis,could effectively reduce the risk of pollution.

关 键 词：中药渣 牛粪 蚯蚓堆肥 耐药基因 传播风险 

分 类 号：S141.4[农业科学—肥料学]