稻壳炭强化城市污泥蚯蚓堆肥过程中重金属变化特征  

Characterization of heavy metal changes during rice husk charcoal-enhanced vermicomposting of municipal sludge

作　　者：王兴明[1,2,4] 徐岚 范廷玉 储昭霞[5] 董众兵 董鹏 邓瑞来[4] WANG Xingming;XU Lan;FAN Tingyu;CHU Zhaoxia;DONG Zhongbing;DONG Peng;DENG Ruilai(Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory of Water and Soil Resources Comprehensive Utilization and Ecological Protection in High Groundwater Mining Area,School of Earth and Environment,Anhui University of Science and Technology,Huainan 232001,China;Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education,Anhui Normal University,Wuhu 241000,China;School of Metallurgy and Energy Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650031,China;Anhui Open Source Landscaping Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Hefei 230031,China;Key Laboratory of Bioresource and Environmental Biotechnology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes,School of Biological Engineering,Huainan Normal University,Huainan 232038,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽理工大学地球与环境学院,安徽省高潜水位矿区水土资源综合利用与生态保护工程实验室,安徽淮南232001 [2]皖江流域退化生态系统的恢复与重建省部共建协同创新中心,安徽师范大学,安徽芜湖241000 [3]昆明理工大学冶金与能源工程学院,昆明650031 [4]安徽开源园林绿化工程有限公司,合肥230031 [5]资源与环境生物技术安徽普通高校重点实验室,淮南师范学院生物工程学院,安徽淮南232038

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2024年第7期1648-1656,共9页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFC1908601,2019YFC1803501);国家自然科学基金项目(51878004);安徽高校协同创新项目(GXXT 2020-075);安徽省重点研究与开发计划项目(202104a06020027);安徽省高校优秀人才重点支持计划项目(gxyqZD2021129);安徽省高潜水位矿区水土资源综合利用与生态保护工程实验室开放课题(2022-WSREPMA-04);2023年度省级新时代育人质量工程(研究生教育)(环境生态学教学案例库);2022年度省级质量工程项目(线下课程:水处理生物学);安徽开源园林绿化工程有限公司研发专项。

摘　　要：为探讨稻壳炭强化蚯蚓堆肥对污泥性质和重金属的影响,本研究以城市污泥为研究对象,添加不同比例稻壳炭对蚯蚓堆肥进行强化处理,探究不同生物炭剂量(污泥干质量的2%、4%、6%、8%)对城市污泥蚯蚓堆肥过程中重金属有效态以及赋存形态的影响。结果表明:堆肥过程中pH呈先上升后降低的趋势,电导率先降低后升高,有机质呈下降趋势;与对照组(不添加稻壳炭)相比,添加不同比例稻壳炭强化后的电导率、有机质分别降低28.96%~47.46%、2.84%~18.87%;稻壳炭强化的污泥堆肥中养分增加,总氮、总磷和总钾在8%添加量时分别提高9.89%、24.39%和2.51%。当稻壳炭添加到蚯蚓堆肥后,重金属从易迁移转化形态向稳定态转化,在8%添加比例时,Cd、Cu、Ni的残渣态占比较对照组分别提高3.57、19.12、9.27个百分点,有效态分别降低56.25%、34.22%、28.20%;添加4%稻壳炭使Pb由可交换态、碳酸盐结合态向稳定的有机结合态转化,且有效态降低27.69%。相关性分析发现稻壳炭强化蚯蚓堆肥,升高堆体pH降低了污泥中Cd、Cu、Ni、Pb有效态含量。研究表明,稻壳炭强化蚯蚓堆肥可显著提升城市污泥营养元素,改善理化性质,提高污泥中重金属钝化效率。The effects of rice husk charcoal-enhanced vermicomposting on sludge properties and heavy metals were investigated.Here,we took municipal sludge,added different proportions of rice husk charcoal to enhance vermicomposting and investigated the effects of different biochar dosages(2%,4%,6%,and 8%based on dry mass of sludge)on the bioavailability and speciation of heavy metals in the process of municipal sludge vermicomposting.During the composting process,pH first increased and then decreased,conductivity decreased and then increased,and organic matter decreased.After the addition of different ratios of rice husk charcoal reinforcement,the conductivity and organic matter decreased by 28.96%-47.46%and 2.84%-18.87%,respectively compared with the control group.The rice husk charcoal reinforcement caused a nutrient increase in the composted sludge,and the total nitrogen,total phosphorus,and total potassium increased by 9.89%,24.39%,and 2.51%at 8%addition,respectively.The addition of rice husk charcoal caused the compost heavy metals to continuously transform from easy to migrate to challenging to migrate.The proportion of Cd,Cu,and Ni residue states increased by 3.57,19.12,and 9.27 percentage points,respectively,and the bioavailability decreased by 56.25%,34.22%,and 28.20%,respectively,at 8%addition.In comparison,adding 4%rice husk charcoal could transform Pb from an exchangeable and carbonate-bound state to a more stable organic-bound state,and the bioavailability was reduced by 27.69%.Correlation analysis showed that rice husk charcoal-enriched vermicomposting reduced the bioavailability of most sludge heavy metals by increasing the compost pH.Therefore,rice husk charcoal-enriched vermicomposting can significantly enhance urban sludge nutrients,improve physicochemical properties,and increase passivation efficiency of sludge heavy metals.

关 键 词：蚯蚓 稻壳炭 城市污泥堆肥 重金属形态 

分 类 号：S141.4[农业科学—肥料学] X703[农业科学—农业基础科学]