基于阿维菌素和呋虫胺增效组合的双载纳米微囊缓释剂对苹果黄蚜的防治效果  

Synergistic effect of slow-releasing nanocapsules containing abamectin and dinotefuran on the control against Aphis citricola

作　　者：郭晓君 封云涛 李娅 王琰[2] 张润祥 GUO Xiaojun;FENG Yuntao;LI Ya;WANG Yan;ZHANG Runxiang(College of Plant Protection,Shanxi Agricultural University(Institute of Plant Protection)/Shanxi Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Agriculture,Taiyuan 030031,Shanxi,China;Institute of Environmental and Sustainable Development in Agriculture,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学植物保护学院·农业有害生物综合治理山西省重点实验室,太原030031 [2]中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《果树学报》2024年第7期1410-1417,共8页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：山西农业大学科技创新提升工程(CXGC2023010);山西农业大学学术恢复科研项目(2020xshf10);国家重点研发专项(2016YFD0200505-01)。

摘　　要：【目的】研发苹果黄蚜可持续防控药剂及应用技术,为苹果黄蚜可持续防控提供优化方案。【方法】采用室内毒力及田间防效评价阿维菌素与呋虫胺对苹果黄蚜的联合毒力及二者纳米微囊缓释剂型的应用效果。【结果】室内毒力测定结果表明,阿维菌素与呋虫胺在1∶2和1∶4配比下对苹果黄蚜为增效作用;田间应用结果表明,阿维菌素和呋虫胺1∶4混配组合剂量(w)为15.0~22.5 mg·kg^(-1)时对苹果黄蚜药后3~15 d防效为91.44%~99.63%,二者混配可减少单一药剂有效成分用量10%~70%。按该配比制备2.25%阿维·呋虫胺纳米微囊缓释剂,田间应用结果表明,在苹果黄蚜高发期施药两次,二次药后7~15 d对苹果黄蚜的防效为79.80%~91.65%,表现出较好的后期防效;添加助剂GY-T1602可有效改善纳米微囊缓释剂的速效性。【结论】在苹果黄蚜始发期,推荐使用2.25%阿维·呋虫胺纳米微囊缓释剂以获得较长持效期,添加助剂GY-T1602可有效提高防效;在苹果黄蚜盛发期推荐选用阿维菌素与呋虫胺1∶4混配组合以快速压低虫口密度。【Objective】In order to solve the problems of single type and reduced sensitivity of traditional insecticides for the control of Aphis citricola von der Goot on apple trees,the co-toxicity of abamectin and dinotefuran against A.citricola was examined,and the field experiment was carried out to verify the synergistic efficacy.Then,the application effect of the slow-releasing nanoparticles loading with the above two chemical pesticides was evaluated by field experiments for ultimately obtaining the control plan for A.citricola.【Methods】Indoor bioassay was carried out by leaf dipping method.Experimental insects were gathered from apple trees in the greenhouse of Dongyang Experimental Base,Shanxi Agricultural University,which were not treated with any pesticides.Four combinations of abamectin and dinotefuran were set up by the active ingredient ratios of 1∶2,1∶4,1∶8 and 1∶16.Firstly,fresh and tender leaves were immersed in the insecticide solutions for 5 seconds,and then moved back up into a petri dish covered with wet filter paper.Secondly,healthy adult aphids were chosen and placed to the leaf surface for incubation,and the mortality was recorded after 24 hours of feeding.The co-toxicity of abamectin and dinotefuran to A.citricola was evaluated by Sun Yunpei’s co-toxicity coefficient method.Based on the co-toxicity results,two field trials were conducted to evaluate the control effects in April and June,2021,in Yuncheng City,Shanxi province.Five treatments were set up in each experiment.There were three different doses of the compound(abamectin 5%EC and dinotefuran 20%SG)and two single insecticide(abamectin 5%EC or dinotefuran 20%SG).The three doses were 4,9 and 13.5 mg·kg^(-1) at 1∶2 ratio,respectively;as well as 15,20 and 22.5 mg·kg^(-1) at 1∶4 ratio,respectively.Water was set up as the control.Knapsack sprayer was used to evenly spray the apple tree with the amount of 2-3 L solution per tree.Each treatment had 4 replications,and there were 2 trees in each replication.The insect population

关 键 词：苹果黄蚜 阿维菌素 呋虫胺 联合毒力 纳米微囊缓释剂 

分 类 号：S661.1[农业科学—果树学] S436.61[农业科学—园艺学]