梨火疫病菌对四霉素敏感基线的建立及抗药性评价  

Establishment of sensitivity baseline and evaluation of resistance to tetramycin of Erwinia amylovora

作　　者：吕振豪 杨雨薇 刘琦 于蕊 陈晓晓 周伊航 陈晶 LÜZhenhao;YANG Yuwei;LIU Qi;YU Rui;CHEN Xiaoxiao;ZHOU Yihang;CHEN Jing(College of Agronomy,Xinjiang Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Invasive Alien Species in Agriculture&Forestry of the North-western Desert Oasis(Co-construction by Ministry and Province),Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of the Pest Monitoring and Safety Control of Crops and Forests of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,Urumqi 830052,Xinjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学农学院·农业农村部西北荒漠绿洲农林外来入侵生物防控重点实验室(部省共建)·新疆维吾尔自治区农林有害生物监测与安全防控重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《果树学报》2024年第7期1418-1428,共11页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2021YFD1400200)。

摘　　要：【目的】建立新疆库尔勒地区和阿克苏地区梨火疫病菌(Erwinia amylovora)对四霉素的敏感基线,监测梨火疫病菌对四霉素的抗药性水平,为四霉素防治梨火疫病田间用药、抗药性监测与抗药性治理提供理论依据。【方法】采用抑菌圈法测定100株梨火疫病菌株对四霉素的敏感性;采用平板划线法和含药培养基法药剂驯化抗药突变体,进行抗药性评价。【结果】共监测到敏感菌株74个,低抗菌株26个。100株菌株对四霉素的敏感性频率接近正态分布,因此可将该曲线(平均EC50=1.59±1.029μg·mL^(-1))作为新疆库尔勒地区和阿克苏地区梨火疫病菌对四霉素的敏感基线;共获得4株抗药突变体,均不具有稳定遗传性;四霉素与84%噻霉酮、中生菌素均会产生交互抗药性。【结论】建立了新疆梨火疫病菌分离菌株对四霉素药剂的敏感基线,仅监测到少数低抗菌株,梨火疫病菌对四霉素的抗性风险低。【Objective】Pear fire blight caused by Erwinia amylovora is an international quarantine bacterial disease.It is one of the top ten plant pathogenic bacteria in the world with fast transmission speed,multiple transmission routes and wide host range.Biopesticide tetramycin is a pure green biopesticide developed by Liaoning Academy of Microbial Sciences in the 1970s and was productized in the early 1990s.Tetramycin can inhibit both bacterial and fungal plant diseases.At present,there are no reports on the establishment of sensitivity baseline and the evaluation of resistance to tetramycin of E.amylovora in China.The study aimed to establish a sensitivity baseline for E.amylovora to tetramycin in Korla and Aksu regions of Xinjiang,and monitor the resistance level of pear fire blight to tetramycin in the region and provide a scientific basis for the field administration of tetramycin against pear fire blight,antibiotic resistance monitoring and antibiotic resistance management.【Methods】The samples were collected,in ten areas in Xinjing,including Bayinguoleng and Aksu in 2021 and 2023.The bacterial strains were isolated from the infected plant materials of Korla fragrant pear.The sensitivity of 100 strains of E.amylovora isolated to tetramycin was determined by the inhibition zone method.The drug-resistant mutants were acclimated by streak plate method and drug containing medium method,followed by drug resistance evaluation.The preserved strains were separated in the NA medium,incubated at 28℃for 48 h,and single colonies were obtained by secondary activation.The single colony was transferred to the NB culture medium at 28℃,180 r·min^(-1) for 12 h,and the test bacterial suspension was obtained when OD600 was determined to be 1.0.After the bacterial suspension was diluted to 1×10^(4) cfu·mL^(-1),100μL was coated in the NA medium until dry.Three pieces of sterilized filter paper with a diameter of 6 mm were placed on the NA medium in the petri dish.6μL of different concentrations of drug drops were absorbe

关 键 词：梨火疫病菌 四霉素 室内毒力测定 敏感基线 抗性稳定性 

分 类 号：S661.2[农业科学—果树学] S436.612[农业科学—园艺学]