梨采后黑皮病的发生机制、影响因素和调控措施研究进展  

Research Progress on the Mechanism,Influencing Factors,and Regulatory Measures of Postharvest Black Skin Disease in Pears

作　　者：冯志宏[1,2] 贾艳兰 FENG Zhihong;JIA Yanlan(College of Food Science and Engineering,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taiyuan 030031 China;Shanxi Provincial Technology Innovation Center for Fruit and Vegetable Storage,Preservation and Processing,Jinzhong 030801 China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学食品科学与工程学院,山西太原030031 [2]山西省果蔬贮藏保鲜与加工技术创新中心,山西晋中030801

出　　处：《西华大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第4期53-61,84,共10页Journal of Xihua University:Natural Science Edition

基　　金：山西省基础研究计划项目(202103021224172)。

摘　　要：梨是全球大宗水果之一,产后大部分进入中长期贮藏,满足不同时间和空间的市场供应,因此采后贮运是梨果保质增值和产业健康发展的重要环节。然而,梨果采后果皮表面易发生黑皮病。作为一种生理性病害,黑皮病常出现在贮藏后期及出库后的货架期。因发病原因复杂,目前没有有效的保鲜措施,黑皮病成为梨果实采后贮运亟待解决的主要问题。文章阐述了近年来有关梨采后黑皮病发生的可能性机制,分析探讨了品种、产地、成熟度、贮藏环境等因素对梨采后黑皮病发生率的影响,同时从温度调控、气体调控、激素调控等方面总结了防控梨黑皮病发生的保鲜措施,并对今后梨果黑皮病的进一步研究提出了建议,以期为梨果采后贮运保鲜的理论研究和技术开发提供参考。Pear is a major global fruit commodity,with the majority of pears being stored for an extended period after harvest to meet market demand.Therefore,post-harvest storage and transportation play crucial roles in maintaining the quality and value of pear fruits,as well as ensuring the sustainable development of the industry.However,one common issue that arises after harvesting is black skin disease on the surface of pear peel.This physiological disease often occurs during late storage or shelf life after leaving the warehouse,resulting in irregular black-brown spots on the fruit's appearance.While it does not affect the flesh consumption,it significantly reduces the commercial value of the fruit and leads to substantial eco-nomic losses.Due to its complex causes and lack of effective preservation measures,black skin disease has become a pressing problem that needs to be addressed in post-harvest storage and transportation of pear fruits.This paper elaborates on possible mechanisms behind black skin disease occurrence in pears after harvest and analyzes how factors such as origin,maturity,and storage environment impact its incidence.Additionally,it discusses preservation measures for preventing and controlling black skin disease occurrence in pears including temperature regulation,gas regulation,and hormone regulation.Finally,suggestions are made for further research on pear fruit black skin disease to provide reference for theoretical research and technological development in post-harvest storage and transportation of pear fruits.

关 键 词：梨 黑皮病 发病机制 影响因素 调控措施 

分 类 号：S661.2[农业科学—果树学] S436.612[农业科学—园艺学]