基于线粒体Cyt b基因和D-loop区分析元江鲤和杞麓鲤群体遗传结构  

Genetic Structure of Common Carp Populations of Cyprinus carpio yuankiang and Cyprinus carpio chilia Based on Mitochondrial Cyt b Gene and D-loop Region Sequences

作　　者：张铭枭 赵玉姣 姚创 刘霄 黄松茂 李红涛 代忠礼 武祥伟[1] 孔令富[1] ZHANG Mingxiao;ZHAO Yujiao;YAO Chuang;LIU Xiao;HUANG Songmao;LI Hongtao;DAI Zhongli;WU Xiangwei;KONG Lingfu(Key Laboratory of Conservation and Sustainable Utilization of Plateau Fishery Resources in Yunnan Province Universities,College of Animal Science and Technology,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201,China)

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学动物科学技术学院,云南省高校高原渔业资源保护与可持续利用重点实验室,云南昆明650201

出　　处：《水产学杂志》2024年第3期13-21,共9页Chinese Journal of Fisheries

基　　金：云南省重大科技专项计划(202202AE090018).

摘　　要：本文利用线粒体Cyt b基因和D-loop区部分序列,分析元江鲤(Cyprinus carpio yuankiang)和杞麓鲤(Cyprinus carpio chilia)群体的遗传结构。结果表明,在两个鲤群体中均获得929 bp的Cyt b基因序列和650 bp的D-Loop区序列。两个群体间平均遗传距离为0.00595(Cyt b)、0.00852(D-loop)。Cyt b基因共检测出元江鲤3种、杞麓鲤15种单倍型,两个群体共享两个单倍型(C-Hap1和C-Hap3);D-loop区序列共检测出元江鲤3种、杞麓鲤6种单倍型,两个群体共享两个单倍型(D-Hap1和D-Hap2)。元江鲤和杞麓鲤群体单倍型多样性(Hd)分别为0.30±0.10(Cyt b)、0.25±0.10(D-loop)和0.89±0.04(Cyt b)、0.73±0.05(D-loop)。元江鲤和杞麓鲤群体核苷酸多样性(π)分别为0.12±0.04(Cyt b)、0.12±0.09(D-loop)和0.77±0.09(Cyt b)、0.87±0.07(D-loop),杞麓鲤遗传多样性水平明显高于元江鲤群体。分子方差分析(AMOVA)显示,两个群体间有明显的遗传分化,且遗传变异主要来源于群体间。系统发育分析显示,元江鲤群体单倍型较少,类型较单一,与杞麓鲤群体差异大,多数元江鲤样本单倍型属于华南鲤(Cyprinus carpio rubrofuscus)类型;多数杞麓鲤样本具特有单倍型,部分属于华南鲤、远东鲤(Cyprinus carpio haematopterus)类型。结果表明,杞麓鲤与元江鲤群体遗传分化明显,元江鲤线粒体遗传多样性较低。The genetic structure of common carp Cyprinus carpio yuankiang and Cyprinus carpio chilia populations was analyzed using partial sequences of the mitochondrial Cyt b gene and the D-loop region.The results showed that 929 bp of Cyt b gene sequence length and 650 bp of D-Loop region sequence were obtained in both common carp populations,with average genetic distance of 0.00595(Cyt b)and 0.00852(D-loop)between the two populations.Three species of C.carpio yuankiang and 15 haplotypes of C.carpio chilia were detected in the Cyt b gene,and two haplotypes(C-Hap1 and C-Hap3)were shared between the two populations.Three species of C.carpio yuankiang and six haplotypes of C.carpio chilia were detected in the D-loop region,and two haplotypes(D-Hap1 and D-Hap2)were shared between the two populations.The haplotype diversity(Hd)was found to be 0.30±0.10(Cyt b),and 0.25±0.10(D-loop)in C.carpio yuankiang population and 0.89±0.04(Cyt b)and 0.73±0.05(D-loop)in C.carpio chilia population,with nucleotide diversity(π)of 0.12±0.04(Cyt b)and 0.12±0.09(D-loop)in C.carpio yuankiang population and 0.77±0.09(Cyt b)and 0.87±0.07(D-loop)in C.carpio chilia population,significantly higher in C.carpio chilia than that in C.carpio yuankiang.Analysis of molecular variance(AMOVA)showed that the genetic variation originated mainly between the two populations and the genetic differentiation index indicated significant genetic differentiation between the two populations.Phylogenetic analysis showed that C.carpio yuankiang population had fewer haplotypes and was more homogeneous than C.carpio chilia population,with most of C.carpio yuankiang samples having haplotypes of the Cyprinus carpio rubrofuscus type.The majority of the C.carpio chilia samples had endemic haplotypes and some belonged to C.carpio rubrofuscus and Cyprinus carpio haematopterus.The findings indicated that the genetic differentiation between C.carpio chilia and C.carpio yuankiang populations is obvious,with low mitochondrial genetic diversity in C.carpio yuankiang is low.

关 键 词：元江鲤 杞麓鲤 Cyt b基因 D-LOOP区 群体遗传结构 遗传多样性 

分 类 号：S917[农业科学—水产科学]