膨化大豆替代豆粕对杂交鲟(Acipenser schrenckii♀×A.baerii♂)生长、消化酶活性及消化道形态的影响  

Effects of Dietary Soybean Meal Replaced by Extruded Soybean on Digestive Enzyme ActivitIes and Intestinal Morphology of Hybrid Sturgeon(Acipenser schrenckii♀×A.baerii♂)

作　　者：王亚玲 王常安[1] 吕伟华[1] 刘红柏[1] 徐奇友 陆绍霞 刘思源 张树泽 张颖[1] WANG Yaling;WANG Chang’an;LYU Weihua;LIU Hongbai;XU Qiyou;LU Shaoxia;LIU Siyuan;ZHANG Shuze;ZHANG Ying(Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Harbin 150070,China;College of Fisheries and Life Science,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Huzhou Normal College,Huzhou 313000,China;Dalian Ocean University,Dalian 116023,China;Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150030,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院黑龙江水产研究所,黑龙江省水产动物病害与免疫重点试验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150070 [2]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海201306 [3]湖州师范学院,浙江湖州313000 [4]大连海洋大学,辽宁大连116023 [5]东北农业大学,黑龙江哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《水产学杂志》2024年第3期66-73,共8页Chinese Journal of Fisheries

基　　金：中央级公益性科研机构基本业务费(HSY202202M);现代农业产业技术体系(特色淡水鱼)(CARS-46);黑龙江省重点试验室(JD22A017);中国水产科学研究院中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(2023TD60、2023TD96);黑龙江省自然科学基金(YQ2020C026、LH2023C057);中国博士后基金(2022MD713817).

摘　　要：在水温为19.0~23.0℃下,将初始体质量(75.3±3.8)g的杂交鲟(Acipenser schrenckii♀×A.baerii♂)饲养在室内循环水养殖系统内的圆柱型玻璃钢水槽(直径2 m,水深50 cm)中,投喂豆粕、膨化大豆、血粉、鱼粉、肉骨粉、玉米蛋白为蛋白源(粗蛋白43%左右),豆油、大豆磷脂为脂肪源的基础饲料,以膨化大豆0(G1组)、35.0%(G2组)、65.8%(G3组)及93.2%(G4组)的比例替换豆粕,饲养6周,研究不同替代水平对其消化酶活性及肠道组织结构的影响。结果显示,与G1组相比,摄食膨化大豆替代豆粕饲料的杂交鲟饲料系数降低,增重率和特定生长率显著提高(P<0.05),前肠、胃、十二指肠和瓣肠的脂肪酶活性和淀粉酶活性差异不显著(P>0.05),且与前肠、十二指肠和瓣肠的蛋白酶活性差异不显著(P>0.05),而随着替代比例的增加杂交鲟胃蛋白酶活性显著增加(P<0.05)。膨化大豆替代豆粕后,杂交鲟肠道的绒毛高度、宽度和肌层厚度呈上升趋势。综上所述,膨化大豆替代豆粕可改善杂交鲟消化酶活性和消化道组织形态,用膨化大豆替代杂交鲟饲料中豆粕具有明显优势。Sturgeons hybrid(Acipenser schrenckii♀×A.baerii♂)with initial body weight of(75.3±3.8)g were reared in cylindrical glass steel tanks(diameter 2 m and water depth 50 cm)in a circulating aquaculture system with triplicates of each 120 fish,and fed the basic diet with soybean meal,extruded soybeans,blood meal,fish meal,meat and bone meal,and corn gluten as protein sources(about 43%crude protein),and soybean oil and soybean phospholipids as fat sources,in which the soybean meal was replaced by the extruded soybeans at a dose of 0(group G1)and 35.0%(group G2),65.8%(group G3)and 93.2%(group G4)at water temperature of 19.0-23.0℃for 42 d to investigate the effect of soybean meal replaced by extruded full-fatty soybean levels on digestive enzyme activities and intestinal structure of the hybrid sturgeon.The results showed that compared with the G1 group,the feed coefficient of the hybrid sturgeon consumed with extruded soybean instead of soybean meal was reduced,and the weight gain rate and specific growth rate were significantly increased(P<0.05),while the lipase activity and amylase activity of the amylase activity of the foregut,stomach,duodenum and valvular intestine were not significantly different(P>0.05),and there was no significant difference in protease activity with the foregut,duodenun and valvular intestine(P>0.05),and the pepsin activity of the hybrid sturgeon increased significantly with the increase of replacement level(P<0.05).The villus height,villus width,and muscle thickness of the intestinal tract were shown to be increased in the hybrid sturgeon fed the diets with soybean meal replaced by expanded soybean.In conclusion,the digestive enzyme activity and intestinal tissue morphology of the fish in the groups with full replacement levels of soybean meal were improved compared with the fish in the control group.

关 键 词：杂交鲟 膨化大豆 消化酶 肠道组织结构 

分 类 号：S963.71[农业科学—水产养殖] S965.215[农业科学—水产科学]