预拉伸调控铝合金板材性能研究进展  

Research progress on the properties of pre-stretched regulated aluminum alloy sheets

作　　者：张亚好 李嗣洋 成小乐[2] 赵小惠[2] 苏振华[3] ZHANG Yahao;LI Siyang;CHENG Xiaole;ZHAO Xiaohui;SU Zhenhua(China Machinery Huajin Casting Co.,Ltd.,Huaxin Economic Zone,Jiangxian 043600,China;College of Electromechanical Engineering,Xi’an Polytechnic University,Xi’an 710048,China;China National Heavy Machinery Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Xi’an 710018,China)

机构地区：[1]山西中设华晋铸造有限公司,山西绛县043600 [2]西安工程大学机电工程学院,陕西西安710048 [3]中国重型机械研究院股份公司,陕西西安710018

出　　处：《重型机械》2024年第3期1-9,共9页Heavy Machinery

摘　　要：板材预拉伸工艺是可热处理强化铝合金研究中的重点,通过拉伸应变可以增加晶界的位错密度和晶粒的细化程度,从而提高材料的强度和硬度,减小残余应力使得材料受力后更加均匀避免应力集中,提高板材的抗拉强度和屈服强度。介绍了可热处理铝合金板材经预拉伸工艺后板材服役性能的变化,综述了近年来预拉伸工艺对铝合金力学性能的影响及残余应力的消减情况,总结了各类铝合金板材最为合适的拉伸量以及残余应力分布规律。最后提出了相关研究中存在的问题和需要重点聚焦的研究方向。Plate pre-stretching process is the focus of heat-treatable aluminium alloy strengthening research,through the tensile strain can increase the dislocation density of grain boundaries and the degree of grain refinement,thus improving the strength and hardness of the material,reducing the residual stress makes the material more uniform after the stress to avoid stress concentration,and improving the tensile and yield strength of the plate.This paper introduces the change of service performance of heat-treatable aluminium alloy plate after pre-stretching process,summarizes the influence of pre-stretching process on the mechanical properties of aluminium alloy and the abatement of residual stress in recent years,and sums up the most suitable amount of stretching of various types of aluminium alloy plates and the distribution law of residual stress.Finally,it puts forward the problems and research directions that need to be focused on in the relevant research.

关 键 词：预拉伸 时效强化 残余应力 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TG379[金属学及工艺—金属压力加工]