基于多端行波频率矩阵的复杂配电网故障定位方法  

Fault location method for complex distribution networks based on multi-terminal traveling wave frequency matrix

作　　者：李航 曾海燕 喻锟[2] 陈爽 曾举鹏 张钟毓 曾祥君[2] 杨玺 LI Hang;ZENG Haiyan;YU Kun;CHEN Shuang;ZENG Jupeng;ZHANG Zhongyu;ZENG Xiangjun;YANG Xi(Wuhan Power Supply Company,State Grid Hubei Electric Power Co.,Ltd.,Wuhan 430000,China;State Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention and Reduction for Power Grid,Changsha University of Science&Technology,Changsha 410114,China)

机构地区：[1]国网湖北省电力有限公司武汉供电公司,湖北武汉430000 [2]长沙理工大学电网防灾减灾全国重点实验室,湖南长沙410114

出　　处：《电力科学与技术学报》2024年第3期19-30,37,共13页Journal of Electric Power Science And Technology

基　　金：国网湖北省电力有限公司专项成本科技项目(B315A0229843)。

摘　　要：针对配电网线路参数受依频变化影响导致现有故障定位方法实现复杂以及行波传输速度无法准确计算的问题,基于多端行波频率矩阵,提出一种不依赖波头时间信息的复杂配电网故障定位方法。通过对故障行波固有频率主成分与传输距离的关系进行分析,定义各分支节点的参考端,并计算真实故障发生前的基准固有频率矩阵与真实故障发生后的故障固有频率矩阵之间的差值,最终得到相应的故障分支判定原理。在判定故障分支的基础上,按照故障点到参考端的路径不经过分支节点或经过分支节点数量最少为原则选取参考端,同时计算对应参考端故障固有频率主成分下的波速度,进而对故障点位置实现精确定位。仿真结果表明,所提方法无须检测行波波头时间,通过构建多端频率矩阵准确刻画配电网拓扑任一分支发生故障的情形,在保证故障分支可靠判定的同时实现了频率分量与波速度相互匹配,大大提高了故障定位精度,且定位结果不受故障位置、类型、过渡电阻、初相角影响。Aiming at the difficulties that the existing fault location methods are complex to implement and the traveling wave transmission speed cannot be accurately calculated due to the influence of frequency-dependent changes in distribution network line parameters,a fault location method for complex distribution networks is proposed based on the multi-terminal traveling wave frequency matrix,which does not rely on wavefront time information.By analyzing the relationship between the inherent frequency principal component of the fault traveling wave and the transmission distance,the reference terminals of each branch node are defined,and the difference between the benchmark inherent frequency matrix before the actual fault occurs and the fault inherent frequency matrix after the actual fault occurs is calculated,ultimately obtaining the corresponding fault branch determination principle.Based on the determination of the fault branch,the reference terminal is selected according to the principle that the path from the fault point to the reference terminal does not pass through branch nodes or passes through the fewest number of branch nodes,and the wave speed under the principal component of the fault inherent frequency of the corresponding reference terminal is calculated,thereby accurately locating the fault point.Simulation results show that the proposed method does not require detecting the wavefront time of the traveling wave,accurately describes the situation of any branch fault in the distribution network topology by constructing a multi-terminal frequency matrix,ensures reliable determination of the fault branch,and achieves matching between the frequency component and the wave speed,greatly improving the accuracy of fault location.Moreover,the location results are not affected by the fault location,type,transition resistance or initial phase angle.

关 键 词：复杂配电网 故障行波定位 多端频率矩阵 依频变化特性 

分 类 号：TM773[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]