基于电路理论的扬子鳄保护区块间生态廊道和节点识别研究  

Comprehensive Identification of Eco-corridors and Eco-nodes Between Chinese Alligator Protection Blocks Based on Circuit Theory

作　　者：吴楠 王甜 程鹏 陈凝 张浏 宋婷[3] WU Nan;WANG Tian;CHENG Peng;CHEN Ning;ZHANG Liu;SONG Ting(Anhui Provincial Academy of Eco-Environmental Science Research,Hefei 230061,China;Xuancheng Ecological Environment Bureau,Xuancheng 242000,China;State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Regional Eco-process and Function Assessment,Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,Beijing 100012,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽省生态环境科学研究院,安徽合肥230061 [2]安徽省宣城市生态环境局,安徽宣城242000 [3]中国环境科学研究院国家环境保护区域生态过程与功能评估重点实验室,北京100012

出　　处：《长江流域资源与环境》2024年第6期1228-1238,共11页Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin

基　　金：2023年安徽省生态环境科研项目(2023hb0008);泾县生物多样性本底调查工作项目(JX-CG-CS-2023079);安徽省社会科学创新发展研究课题攻关项目(2022CX047)。

摘　　要：野外适宜栖息地的丧失和破碎化是扬子鳄保护面临的最大挑战,构建并维护好栖息地间的生态廊道是重要的保护对策。基于电路理论,利用Linkage Mapper工具和Circuitscape程序,以安徽扬子鳄国家级自然保护区的8个区块作为生态源地,选取6个扬子鳄生境适宜性要素来构建综合阻力面,模拟区块间的生态廊道,识别生态“夹点”和“障碍点”,针对性提出保护和修复策略以优化保护区块间的生态连通性。研究结果如下:(1)识别生态廊道共14条,呈“东长西短”状态。关键生态廊道7条,有效连通了研究区西南部的长乐、中桥、双坑和红星片区;(2)识别生态夹点12处,面积82.35 km^(2)。提出了自然保护为主,辅以扬子鳄适宜生境营造的保护策略,同时要关注部分夹点受人类活动干扰的风险;(3)识别生态障碍点19处,面积92.49 km^(2)。主要位于交通干线、城镇用地或周围辐射区域。提出了设置动物迁徙通道、推广生态农业、优化居民点布局、化解人鳄矛盾等修复策略。The loss and fragmentation of suitable habitat in the wild is the biggest challenge for the protection of Chinese alligator.Building and maintaining the ecological corridor between habitats is an important protection strategy.Taking 8 blocks of the Chinese Alligator Nature Reserve as the ecological sources,this study aimed to build a comprehensive resistance surface,to simulate the ecological corridors between blocks,to identify the ecological“pinch points”and“barriers”,and to propose targeted protection and repair strategies.The Linkage Mapper tool and the Circuitscape program were used in this study.The research results were as follows:(1)There were 14 identified ecological corridors with a total length of 391.06 km,which were in the state of“long in the east and short in the west”.Seven key ecological corridors effectively connected Changle,Zhongqiao,Shuangkeng and Hongxing areas in the southwest of the study area;(2)12 ecological pinch points were identified,with an area of 82.35 km~2.The protection strategy of giving priority to natural protection,supplemented by the creation of suitable habitat for Chinese alligator was put forward.At the same time,attention should be paid to the risk of certain pinch points that was disturbed by human activities;(3)19 ecological barriers were identified,with an area of 92.49 km~2.It was mainly located in traffic trunk lines,urban land or surrounding radiation areas.Suggestions such as setting up animal migration channels,promoting ecological agriculture,optimizing the layout of residential areas,and resolving the conflicts between people and alligators were put forward.

关 键 词：电路理论 扬子鳄 生态廊道 生态夹点 生态障碍点 保护修复策略 

分 类 号：P901[天文地球—自然地理学] TU984[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]