陀思妥耶夫斯基与19世纪俄罗斯民族性话语:赞成与反对(Pro et Contra)  

Dostoevsky and 19th-century Discourses of Russian Nationality:Pro et Contra

作　　者：俞航 Yu Hang

机构地区：[1]广西师范大学文学院

出　　处：《俄罗斯文艺》2024年第3期46-59,共14页Russian Literature & Arts

基　　金：国家社科基金后期资助项目“陀思妥耶夫斯基现代性思想研究”(21FWWB012)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：俄罗斯民族性话语在陀思妥耶夫斯基的创作和“俄罗斯理念”的构建中起着十分重要的作用。陀思妥耶夫斯基在看待俄罗斯与西方关系、思考俄罗斯民族意识、考察俄罗斯民族命运之时具有鲜明的矛盾性和复杂性,这是因为他的民族性话语形成于多次关乎俄罗斯民族命运的史实中。陀思妥耶夫斯基将俄罗斯历史上的、盛行于19世纪俄罗斯的诸多民族性话语以“赞成与反对”的辩证态度纳入他对俄罗斯民族历史使命的考察中,这是一种动态生成的状态。在此历史语境中,陀思妥耶夫斯基与以尼·丹尼列夫斯基为代表的泛斯拉夫主义者所展开的互动与论争正是关于“普世性”与“民族性”交融的俄罗斯民族命运与道路的探索。The discourse of Russian nationality played a very important role in Dostoevsky's works and his construction of the"Russian Idea".Dostoevsky has distinct contradictions and complexities when looking at the relationship between Russia and the West,thinking about Russian national consciousness,and examining the destiny of the Russian nation.The reason is that his national discourse has been formed in many historical facts related to the destiny of the Russian nation.Moreover,Dostoevsky incorporated many discourses of nationality in Russian history and that prevailed in Russia in the 19th century into his own investigation of the historical mission of the Russian nation with a dialectical attitude of"Pro et Contra",which is a dynamically generated state.In the above historical context,Dostoevsky interacted and argued with the Pan-Slavists represented by N.Danilevsky,and launched an exploration of the destiny and path of the Russian nation where"universality"and nationality"blend.

关 键 词：陀思妥耶夫斯基 民族性 俄罗斯理念 

分 类 号：I512.074[文学—其他各国文学]