大型往复式压缩机气阀故障诊断机理研究  

Study of Mechanism of Valve Fault Diagnosis for Large Reciprocating Compressors

作　　者：余永华[1,2] 徐德峰 王康 宋朝琪 潘耀宇 胡磊 尧阳烽[1] YU Yong-hua;XU De-feng;WANG Kang;SONG Chao-qi;PAN Yao-yu;HU Lei;YAO Yang-feng(School of Naval Architecture,Ocean and Energy Power Engineering,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430063.China;Key Laboratory of Marine Power Engineering and Technology of Ministry of Transport,Wuhan 430063,China;China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center,Mianyang 621000,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉理工大学船海与能源动力工程学院,武汉430063 [2]船舶动力工程技术交通运输行业重点实验室,武汉430063 [3]中国空气动力研究与发展中心,绵阳621000

出　　处：《武汉理工大学学报》2024年第6期120-128,共9页Journal of Wuhan University of Technology

基　　金：某军工横向项目(202302HX03)。

摘　　要：气阀作为大型往复压缩机的关键部件,其故障率排在压缩机故障首位,开展气阀故障机理研究对其故障判据的确定具有指导意义。作者以某型往复式压缩机为研究对象,利用Simulink建立零维数值仿真模型,计算了正常状态下的缸内气体压力的动态过程,在压缩机试验台架上进行了缸压测量,验证了仿真模型的有效性,在此基础上进行了气阀泄漏、弹簧失效等故障仿真,从理论上分析了不同故障对气阀开启角度、p-V图面积、多变指数信号的影响规律,研究表明:排气阀故障越严重,进气阀开启角度越延后,排气阀开启角度越提前,p-V图面积越大,压缩膨胀梯度比越大;进气阀故障时反之,可为往复式压缩机气阀实时监测和故障诊断提供参考指导。As a key component of large reciprocating compressor,the failure rate of air valve ranks the first in compres-sor failure.It is of guiding significance to study the failure mechanism of air valve for determining its fault criteria.Taking a certain type of reciprocating compressor as the research object,this paper established a zero-dimensional numerical simu-lation model using Simulink,calculated the dynamic process of cylinder pressure under normal conditions,and measured cylinder pressure on the compressor test bench to verify the effectiveness of the simulation model.On this basis,the simu-lation of valve leakage,spring failure and other faults was carried out.The influence of different faults on valve opening Angle,p-V diagram area and polytropic index signal was theoretically analyzed.The research shows that the more serious the fault of exhaust valve,the longer the opening Angle of intake valve,the earlier the opening Angle of exhaust valve,the larger the p-V diagram area,the larger the compression expansion gradient ratio.Revering when the intake valve fails,it can provide a reference for the real-time monitoring and fault diagnosis of the reciprocating compressor valve.

关 键 词：往复式压缩机 气阀故障 仿真建模 缸压测量 P-V图 

分 类 号：TH457[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]