低温处理对红松胚性愈伤组织诱导生理机制的影响  

Effects of Low-Temperature Treatment on the Physiological Mechanisms of Embryogenic Callus Induction in Pinus koraiensis

作　　者：王越[1] 郭文慧 沈海龙[1] 杨剑飞 杨玲[1] 张鹏[1] 吴海波 吴琳 Wang Yue;Guo Wenhui;Shen Hailong;Yang Jianfei;Yang Ling;Zhang Peng;Wu Haibo;Wu Lin(Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,P.R.China;Jilin Forest Industry Lushuihe Forestry Co.,Ltd)

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学,哈尔滨150040 [2]吉林森工露水河林业有限公司

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2024年第9期13-18,共6页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：国家重点研发项目(2022YFD2201002);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2572023CT02)。

摘　　要：为探究低温预处理对红松胚性愈伤组织诱导及生理机制的影响,采用红松(Pinus koraiensis)未成熟种子为外植体,探究低温预处理时间对胚性愈伤组织诱导率、未成熟种子中抗氧化酶活性、贮藏物质及植物激素质量分数的影响。结果表明:经4℃低温预处理21~28 d,对提高红松未成熟种子的胚性愈伤组织诱导率效果最佳,其中,2号家系经4℃低温预处理28 d,胚性愈伤组织诱导率可达25.00%,5号家系经4℃低温预处理21 d,胚性愈伤组织诱导率可达14.00%。经低温预处理后,未成熟种子中的淀粉、可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白质量分数和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性随预处理时间的延长呈下降趋势,而超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化物酶(POD)的活性则显著上升(P<0.05)。同时,4℃低温预处理21~28 d显著提高了红松未成熟种子中玉米素核苷(ZR)质量分数和生长素(IAA)质量摩尔浓度,降低脱落酸(ABA)质量分数。相关性分析结果表明,胚性愈伤组织诱导率与超氧化物歧化酶活性、过氧化物酶活性、玉米素核苷质量分数和生长素质量摩尔浓度呈极显著正相关,与脱落酸质量分数呈极显著负相关(P<0.01)。因此,低温处理主要通过调控红松未成熟种子中抗氧化酶活性及植物激素水平,促进胚性愈伤组织诱导能力。To investigate the effects of low-temperature pretreatment on the induction of embryogenic callus and its physiological mechanisms in Pinus koraiensis,immature seeds of P.koraiensis were used as explants.The study explored the impact of low-temperature pretreatment duration on the induction rate of embryogenic callus,the activity of antioxidant enzymes,the content of storage substances,and the levels of plant hormones in immature seeds.The results showed that a low-temperature pretreatment at 4℃ for 21-28 days was most effective in enhancing the induction rate of embryogenic callus in immature seeds of P.koraiensis.Specifically,a 28-day low-temperature pretreatment at 4℃ resulted in a 25.00% induction rate of embryogenic callus in family 2,while a 21-day pretreatment yielded a 14.00% induction rate in family 5.After low-temperature pretreatment,the contents of starch,soluble sugars,and soluble proteins,as well as catalase(CAT)activity,showed a decreasing trend with increasing pretreatment duration.In contrast,the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD)and peroxidase(POD)significantly increased(P<0.05).Additionally,a low-temperature pretreatment at 4℃ for 21-28 days significantly increased the content of zeatin riboside(ZR)and the mass molar concentration of indole-3-acetic acid(IAA),while reducing the content of abscisic acid(ABA)in immature seeds.Correlation analysis revealed that the induction rate of embryogenic callus was positively and significantly correlated with the activities of SOD and POD,the content of ZR,and the mass molar concentration of IAA,while it was negatively and significantly correlated with the content of ABA(P<0.01).Therefore,low-temperature treatment mainly promotes the induction capacity of embryogenic callus by regulating the activity of antioxidant enzymes and the levels of plant hormones in immature seeds of P.koraiensis.

关 键 词：红松 低温预处理 胚性愈伤组织 抗氧化酶 激素 

分 类 号：S722.8[农业科学—林木遗传育种]