医用X射线防护材料的研究进展  

Progress in the research Research progress of medical X-ray protective materials

作　　者：李伟[1,2,3] 魏乐倩[1,2,3] 王泽宇 王莎莎 毛吉富 王富军[1,2,3] 王璐 Li Wei;Wei Leqian;Wang Zeyu;Wang Shasha;Mao Jifu;Wang Fujun;Wang Lu(College of Textiles,Ministry of Education,Donghua University,Shanghai 201620,China;Shanghai Modern Textile Frontier Science Research Base,Ministry of Education,Donghua University,Shanghai 201620,China;Key Laboratory of Textile Fabric Technology,Ministry of Education,Donghua University,Shanghai 201620,China)

机构地区：[1]东华大学纺织学院,上海201620 [2]东华大学上海市现代纺织前沿科学研究基地,上海201620 [3]东华大学纺织面料技术教育部重点实验室,上海201620

出　　处：《产业用纺织品》2024年第6期11-18,31,共9页Technical Textiles

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2232022A-05);学科创新引智计划资助项目(BP0719035)。

摘　　要：介绍了医用X射线与生物系统的相互作用机理及物理防护原理,分析了具有医用X射线屏蔽能力的柔性复合材料的研究进展。探讨了铅、铋、钨等防X射线功能颗粒及聚合物基材的性能特征,总结了涂层法、溶胶-凝胶法、纺丝法等成型方法的优缺点。研究表明,现有X射线防护材料在提升防护效果和使用便捷性方面具有重要意义,但面临性能优化和成本控制方面的挑战。未来研究应聚焦新型功能颗粒的开发、复合材料结构设计的优化及环保高效屏蔽材料的探索等方面,以进一步提升医用X射线防护材料的性能,拓宽其应用前景。The mechanisms of interaction between medical X-ray and biological systems,as well as and the principles of physical protection,were briefly introduced.The research progress of flexible composite materials with medical X-ray shielding capability was analyzed.The performance characteristics of X-ray radiation-shielding functional particles such as lead,bismuth,and tungsten,along with polymer substrates,were discussed.The advantages and disadvantages of fabrication methods including coating,sol-gel,and spinning techniques were summarized.It was indicated that the existing X-ray protective materials had great significance in enhancing protective effectiveness and usability,but they faced challenges in performance optimization and cost control.Future research should focus on the development of novel functional particles,structural design optimization of composite materials and exploration of environmentally friendly and efficient shielding materials,so as to further improve the performance and broaden application prospects of medical X-ray protective materials.

关 键 词：X射线 防护材料 屏蔽效率 医用 功能粒子 成型方法 

分 类 号：TB34[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]