巷道深部围岩裂隙圈与浅部围岩变形发育特征分析  

Deformation development characteristics of deep surrounding rock fracture circle and shallow surrounding rock in roadway

作　　者：牛晓韩 NIU Xiaohan(Sangshuping No.2 Mine,Shaanxi Shanmei Hancheng Mining Co.,Ltd.,Weinan 715400,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西陕煤韩城矿业有限公司桑树坪二号井,陕西渭南715400

出　　处：《陕西煤炭》2024年第8期14-18,共5页Shaanxi Coal

摘　　要：为探究扰动条件下的巷道深部围岩裂隙圈演化、浅部围岩变形以及巷道支护体力学结构失效等围岩失稳问题,以韩城煤矿为例,运用现场试验、数值模拟、相似模拟等方法对巷道深部围岩的裂隙圈发育状态以及浅部围岩变形与支护结构失效特征进行分析与总结。超声波测试与钻孔窥视表明,工程开挖引起的应力集中程度远大于岩体自身的力学强度,巷道深部围岩的松动破坏程度在高地应力的作用下远大于常规巷道。数值模拟与相似模拟表明,巷道浅部围岩的变形存在明显的分区破坏特征,易导致锚固体整体挤出失效,随着支护强度的增加,巷道围岩以张拉裂纹为主的脆性破坏逐渐转变为剪切裂纹为主的塑性破坏,形成非连续形的支护结构分区破坏特征。根据采场力学演化特性,提出了大结构运动-围岩劣化-塑性、流变-破坏-岩体扩容的结构失稳破坏模型,以期为巷道支护技术提供工程研究依据。In order to comprehensively explore the surrounding rock instability problems such as the evolution of fracture circle in deep surrounding rock of roadway,deformation of shallow surrounding rock and failure of mechanical structure of roadway support under disturbed conditions,taking Hancheng Coal Mine as an example,the development state of fracture circle in deep surrounding rock of roadway,deformation of shallow surrounding rock and failure characteristics of supporting structure of roadway were analyzed and summarized by field test,numerical simulation and similar simulation methods.The ultrasonic test and borehole observation show that the stress concentration caused by engineering excavation is much greater than the mechanical strength of the rock mass itself,and the loosening and failure degree of the deep surrounding rock of the roadway is much greater than that of the conventional roadway under the action of high and low stress.Numerical simulation and similar simulation show that the deformation of the shallow surrounding rock of the roadway has obvious zonal failure characteristics,which is easy to lead to the overall extrusion failure of the anchor solid.With the increase of support strength,the brittle failure of the surrounding rock of the roadway is gradually transformed from the brittle failure of tension cracks to the plastic failure mainly dominated by shear cracks,forming a discontinuous zonal failure feature of the supporting structure.According to the mechanical evolution of stope,the structural instability failure model of large structure movement-surrounding rock deterioration-plasticity,rheology-failure-rock mass expansion is proposed,providing engineering research basis for roadway support technology.

关 键 词：采动应力 高地应力 巷道围岩 围岩变形 支护结构 

分 类 号：TD353[矿业工程—矿井建设]