稀土元素在钢中的作用研究进展  

Research progress on the role of rare earth elements in steel

作　　者：陈飞达 江海涛 田世伟 杨永刚 肖虎 CHEN Feida;JIANG Haitao;TIAN Shiwei;YANG Yonggang;XIAO Hu(Institute of Engineering Technology,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学工程技术研究院,北京100083

出　　处：《轧钢》2024年第3期1-10,20,共11页Steel Rolling

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52201101);中央高校基本业务费项目(FRF-TP-22-013A1)。

摘　　要：近年来稀土元素在钢中的作用被逐一发掘出来。通过对最新稀土钢相关文献的调研,梳理分析了稀土元素在钢中的作用机理与理论研究方法。结果表明:在钢中添加稀土元素,除了具有净化、夹杂物变质和微合金化作用外,还在催化表面渗氮和抑制氢扩散等方面起到积极作用,稀土钢的应用领域在逐渐扩大。当然,稀土钢的发展还受到多方面的制约,如稀土原材料、稀土加入技术、工艺顺行程度和组织性能调控方法等。一些先进表征方法能精确捕获钢中稀土元素的偏聚位置并准确鉴定稀土化合物等物相,但对稀土元素在钢中的作用机制及相关组织演变规律无法提供详细解释。因此,着重介绍了基于原子尺度模拟的先进研究理念,采用计算机计算与模拟技术,可以填补稀土原子微观作用机理的缺失,从而加快高品质稀土钢的研发。In recent years,the role of rare earth elements in steel has been discovered one by one.Through the investigation of the latest literature on rare earth steel,the mechanism and theoretical research methods of rare earth elements in steel are analyzed.The results show that the addition of rare earth elements in steel not only has the effects of purification,inclusion modification and microalloying,but also plays a positive role in catalyzing surface nitriding and inhibiting hydrogen diffusion.The application field of rare earth steel is gradually expanding.Of course,the development of rare earth steel is also restricted by many aspects,such as rare earth raw materials,rare earth addition technology,process smoothness and microstructure and performance control methods.Some advanced characterization methods can accurately capture the segregation position of rare earth elements in steel and accurately identify the phases such as rare earth compounds,but they cannot provide a detailed explanation for the mechanism of action of rare earth elements in steel and the evolution of related microstractures.Therefore,the advanced research concept based on atomic scale simulation is emphasized,and computer calculation and simulation technology is used to fill the lack of micro-mechanism of rare earth atoms,so as to accelerate the research and development of high-quality rare earth steel.

关 键 词：稀土元素 稀土钢冶金技术 稀土元素赋存状态 稀土元素表征方法 原子尺度模拟 

分 类 号：TG142.1[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]