铁路车辆用耐候钢带的制备与开发  

Preparation and development of weathering steel strip for railway vehicles

作　　者：孙乾 程欣丽 亓伟伟 张波 刘亚儒 李玉功 SUN Qian;CHENG Xinli;QI Weiwei;ZHANG Bo;LIU Yaru;LI Yugong(Yinshan Section Steel Co.,Ltd.,Laiwu Iron and Steel Group,Jinan 271104,China;Shandong Lantian Commercial Bus Industry Co.,Ltd.,Jinan 271104,China;Coking Plant,Laiwu Branch,Shandong Iron and Steel Co.,Ltd.,Jinan 271104,China)

机构地区：[1]莱芜钢铁集团银山型钢有限公司,山东济南271104 [2]山东蓝天商旅车业有限公司,山东济南271104 [3]山东钢铁股份有限公司莱芜分公司焦化厂,山东济南271104

出　　处：《轧钢》2024年第3期139-144,共6页Steel Rolling

摘　　要：针对铁路车辆在多变严苛的服役环境中易出现腐蚀失效的问题,高强韧、高耐蚀、易成型的铁路车辆用耐候钢亟需开发。在现行耐候钢生产工艺基础上,采用低C、低S、高Cu、低Ni的化学成分设计,适当提高耐蚀性较好但成本更低的Cu元素含量,降低成本高的Ni含量,通过合金元素替代,降低冶炼成本;再配合大压缩轧制与钢水C、S含量控制,在保证产品强韧性、耐蚀性的同时,避免了因Cu含量偏高可能诱发的表面质量差等问题。经检验,所开发的耐候钢带力学性能均匀,-40℃冲击功不小于82 J,组织以铁素体+珠光体为主,经75、144 h周期浸润腐蚀实验检验,其平均腐蚀失重速率、相对腐蚀率等耐蚀指标优于Q235A钢带,性能满足铁道车辆用钢的服役要求。In view of the corrosion failure of railway vehicles in the changing and harsh service environment,it is urgent to develop the weathering steel for railway vehicles with high strength and toughness,high corrosion resistance and formability.On the basis of the current production process of weathering steel,the chemical composition design of low C,low S,high Cu and low Ni content is adopted to appropriately improve the Cu element content with good corrosion resistance but lower cost,reduce the Ni content with high cost,and reduce the smelting cost through alloy substitution.Combined with large compression rolling and C,S content control of molten steel,it can ensure the strength,toughness and corrosion resistance of the product,and avoid the problem of poor surface quality that may be induced by high Cu content.After testing,the developed weathering steel strip has uniform mechanical properties,the impact energy is not smaller than 82 J at-40 ℃,and the microstructure is mainly ferrite+pearlite.Through the periodic infiltration corrosion tests for 75 h and 144 h,its average corrosion loss rate and relative corrosion rate are better than Q235A steel strip,and the properties meet the service requirements of steel for railway vehicle.

关 键 词：铁路车辆用耐候钢 化学成分设计 强韧性 耐蚀性 低成本 

分 类 号：U270.41[机械工程—车辆工程] TG335.56[交通运输工程—载运工具运用工程]