微细粒矿物絮凝浮选研究进展  

Advancements in Studying the Flocculation Flotation of Fine Minerals

作　　者：吴宇 张英[1,2] 李小康 管侦皓 何青瑞 WU Yu;ZHANG Ying;LI Xiaokang;GUAN Zhenhao;HE Qingrui(Faculty of Land and Resources Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650093,China;State Key Laboratory of Clean Utilization of Complex Non−Ferrous Metal Resources,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650093,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学国土资源工程学院,云南昆明650093 [2]昆明理工大学省部共建复杂有色金属资源清洁利用国家重点实验室,云南昆明650093

出　　处：《矿产保护与利用》2024年第3期16-26,共11页Conservation and Utilization of Mineral Resources

基　　金：国家自然科学基金地区项目(52164022)。

摘　　要：我国矿产资源的特点为贫、细、杂,所以微细粒矿物的高效回收利用尤为重要。浮选作为主要分离技术,从流体动力学和表面化学两个变量分析了微细粒矿物浮选过程中的难点。微细粒矿物具有质量小、比表面积大、表面能高等特性,导致疏水性矿粒在浮选中沿着流体流线运动,与气泡的碰撞概率和附着概率低。絮凝浮选通过增加矿物颗粒的表观粒径,降低微细粒矿物因自身基本特性带来的负面影响,是微细粒矿物经济回收的重要方向。详细阐述了絮凝浮选理论进展和影响絮凝过程的主要因素,以及剪切絮凝和选择性絮凝浮选的技术进展;全面描述了无机絮凝剂、有机絮凝剂和微生物絮凝剂等的絮凝性能及在絮凝浮选中的应用,为深入了解絮凝浮选这一复杂的过程提供了借鉴。The characteristics of mineral resources in our country are scarcity,fineness,and complexity,making the efficient recovery of fine particles particularly crucial.Flotation,as the main separation technology,analyzes the challenges in the flotation process of fine particles from the perspectives of fluid dynamics and surface chemistry.Fine particles,characterized by small mass,large specific surface area,and high surface energy,result in hydrophobic mineral grains moving along fluid streamlines during flotation,with low collision and attachment probabilities with air bubbles.Flocculation flotation,by increasing the apparent particle size of mineral particles,reduces the negative effects brought by the inherent characteristics of fine particles,serving as a significant direction for economically recovering fine particles.The paragraph comprehensively describes the advances in flocculation flotation theory,key factors influencing the process,and developments in shear flocculation and selective flocculation flotation.Furthermore,a comprehensive investigation into the flocculation performance of inorganic,organic,and microbial flocculants,along with their applications in flocculation flotation.It serves as a reference for gaining a detailed understanding of the intricate process of flocculation flotation.

关 键 词：微细粒矿物 絮凝浮选 絮凝剂 吸附机理 

分 类 号：TD923.3[矿业工程—选矿]