孕穗期高温对水稻颖壳发育的影响  

Effects of High Temperature at Booting Stage on Glume Development in Rice

作　　者：耿立清 GENG Li-qing(Liaoning Agricultural Scientific and Technological Achievements Transformation Service Center,Shenyang,Liaoning 110161)

机构地区：[1]辽宁省农业科技成果转化服务中心,辽宁沈阳110161

出　　处：《园艺与种苗》2024年第6期83-84,86,共3页Horticulture & Seed

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2006BAD01A01-6)。

摘　　要：[目的]揭示孕穗期高温是影响颖壳发育的关键时期,为北方水稻生产中预防高温热害提供理论依据。[方法]以千重浪2号为试验材料,在盆栽条件下研究孕穗期高温胁迫对颖壳发育的影响及颖壳大小与粒重的关系。[结果]孕穗期高温显著地降低了颖壳的长度、宽度和面积。强、中势粒降低幅度最大的处理时期是叶龄余数为1.0;而弱势粒降低幅度最大的时期是叶龄余数为0即剑叶完全展开时。相关分析表明,颖壳大小与粒重的关系更为密切,随着颖壳长、宽和面积的增加,粒重也明显增加。[结论]在水稻生产上,在孕穗期要特别注意预防叶龄余数接近1.0时的热害,根据天气状况,采取相应的预防措施。[Objective]The aim was to reveal the critical period of high temperature affecting glume development at booting stage,and provide theoretical basis for preventing high temperature heat damage in rice production in northern China.[Method]With Qianchonglang 2 as tested material,the effects of high temperature stress at booting stage on glume development and the relationship between glume size and grain weight were studied under pot cultivation conditions.[Result]The high temperature at booting stage significantly reduced the length,width and area of glume.The sizes of superior and middle glumes were reduced obviously by high temperature at leaf-remainder 1.0 time,and the inferior glumes were at leaf-remainder 0 time.Glumes sizes had a closer relationship with grain weight,and the 1000-grain weight was increased with the glume length,width and area increase.[Conclusion]In rice production,special attention should be paid to the prevention of heat damage when the leaf-remainder is close to 1.0 time at the booting stage,and corresponding preventive measures should be taken according to the weather conditions.

关 键 词：水稻 颖壳 孕穗期 千粒重 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]