驻马店砂姜黑土区芝麻新品种筛选试验  

Screening Test of New Sesame Varieties in Lime Concretion Black Soil Area of Zhumadian

作　　者：周霞丽 隗正阳 崔向华 谢富强 石明权 阚跃峰 刘建新 刘扩展 孙妍 ZHOU Xia-li(Zhumadian Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhumadian,Henan 463000)

机构地区：[1]驻马店市农业科学院,河南驻马店463000 [2]正阳县园艺场,河南正阳463600 [3]确山县农业生态与资源保护站,河南确山463200 [4]周口市农业科学院,河南周口466601

出　　处：《园艺与种苗》2024年第6期90-92,共3页Horticulture & Seed

基　　金：财政部和农业农村部——国家现代农业产业技术体系资助(CARS-14-2-16)。

摘　　要：[目的]筛选出适合驻马店砂姜黑土区种植的芝麻新品种,促进驻马店芝麻产业的健康发展。[方法]以豫芝4号为对照品种,对驻马店市农业科学院选育的驻22B03、驻22B07及其他单位提供的10个品种分别就经济性状、产量表现和抗性等方面进行试验评价。[结果]所有参试品种(系)平均单株蒴数在76.2~92.3个,驻22B03最高;平均每蒴粒数在61.30~70.12粒,商芝10号最高;平均千粒重变幅在3.098~3.430 g,以商芝10号最高;驻22B03、驻22B07、商芝10号、豫芝23号、信芝H12枯萎病和茎点枯病发病率及病情指数均小于对照品种;产量方面,12个参试品种(系)中较对照增产的有10个。其中驻22B03始蒴高度低,有效果节数多,单株蒴数最多,千粒重较高,高抗枯萎病,抗茎点枯病,产量最高,为1799.3 kg/hm^(2),比对照增产30.89%,增产潜力大。[结论]综合新品种(系)在农艺性状、抗逆性和产量等方面的表现,驻22B03、驻22B07、商芝10号、豫芝23号和信芝H12这5个品种各方面表现优异,可以在驻马店砂姜黑土区推广应用。[Objective]The aim was to screen out new sesame varieties suitable for planting in lime concretion black soil area of Zhumadian,and promote the healthy development of sesame industry in Zhumadian.[Method]With Yuzhi 4 as the control variety,10 varieties of Zhu 22B03,Zhu 22B07 and other units provided by Zhumadian Academy of Agricultural Sciences were evaluated in terms of economic traits,yield performance and resistance.[Result]The average number of capsules per plant of all tested varieties(lines)was 76.2-92.3,and that of Zhu 22B03 was the highest.The average number of grains per capsule was 61.30-70.12,and that of Shangzhi 10 was the highest.The average 1000-grain weight ranged from 3.098 g to 3.430 g,and that of Shangzhi 10 was the highest.The incidence and disease index of Fusarium wilt and stem blight of Zhu 22B03,Zhu 22B07,Shangzhi 10,Yuzhi 23,Xinzhi H12 were lower than those of the control varieties.In terms of yield,10 of the 12 tested varieties(lines)increased yield compared with the control.Among them,Zhu 22B03 had low initial capsule height,many effective nodes,the largest number of capsules per plant,high 1000-grain weight,high resistance to Fusarium wilt and stem spot blight,and the highest yield of 1799.3 kg/hm^(2),which was 30.89%higher than that of the control.[Conclusion]Based on the performance of new varieties(lines)in agronomic traits,stress resistance and yield,Zhu 22B03,Zhu 22B07,Shangzhi 10,Yuzhi 23 and Xinzhi H12 showed excellent performance in all aspects,which could be popularized and applied in Zhumadian lime concretion black soil area.

关 键 词：驻马店砂姜黑土区 芝麻新品种 筛选试验 

分 类 号：S565.3[农业科学—作物学]