早熟糯稻品种引种及筛选试验  

Introduction and Screening Experiment of Early-maturing Glutinous Rice Varieties

作　　者：陶社亮 TAO She-liang(Agricultural Technology Extension Service Station in Guohe Town of Lujiang County,Hefei,Anhui 231524)

机构地区：[1]庐江县郭河镇农业技术推广服务站,安徽合肥231524

出　　处：《园艺与种苗》2024年第6期101-104,共4页Horticulture & Seed

摘　　要：[目的]筛选适宜在庐江县种植的早熟糯稻品种。[方法]从周边种植单位引进12个中早熟糯稻品种,各品种均设2个播种期,分析比较2种播期下各参试品种的生育期、田间性状、抗性及产量结构。[结果]正常在5月上、中旬播种的参试糯稻品种,提前至4月中、下旬播种,生育期延长,叶片、节间相对减少,有效穗数增加,成穗率降低,千粒重变轻,产量降低,抗倒性变差,水稻三大病害、穗发芽变重,综合抗性降低。[结论]从提早上市、增加经济效益和调优作物茬口考虑,根据参试品种的生育期、田间性状、产量结构等方面综合分析,光明糯1号是较为理想的水稻品种,适合在庐江县推广种植;其次是皖垦糯1号,早期播种产量高,但综合抗性最差,需要在种植期间加强稻瘟病等病虫害防治;籼型糯稻两优1674,适当迟播,避开抽穗开花期高温,加强稻曲病防治,也值得推广种植。[Objective]The aim was to screen early-maturing glutinous rice varieties suitable for planting in Lujiang county.[Method]Twelve medium-early maturing glutinous rice varieties were introduced from surrounding planting units,and each variety had two sowing dates.The growth period,field traits,resistance and yield structure of each tested variety under two sowing dates were analyzed and compared.[Result]The glutinous rice varieties normally sown in early and middle May were sown in early and late April.The growth period was prolonged,the leaves and internodes were relatively reduced,the number of effective panicles was increased,the panicle rate was reduced,the 1000-grain weight was lighter,the yield was reduced,the lodging resistance was deteriorated,the three major diseases of rice,the pre-harvest sprouting were heavier,and the comprehensive resistance was reduced.[Conclusion]Considering early listing,increasing economic benefits and optimizing crop stubble,according to the comprehensive analysis of the growth period,field traits and yield structure of the tested varieties,Guangmingnuo 1 is an ideal rice variety,which is suitable for promotion and planting in Lujiang county.The second is Wankennuo 1,which has high yield in early sowing,but the comprehensive resistance is the worst.It is necessary to strengthen the prevention and control of diseases and insect pests such as rice blast during planting.The indica glutinous rice Liangyou 1674 should be sown appropriately late,avoiding high temperatures during the heading and flowering period,and strengthening the prevention and control of rice smut,which is also worth promoting and planting.

关 键 词：早熟糯稻品种 播期 抗性 产量 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]