TNT深海爆炸效应的相似律研究  

Scaling law of deep-sea trinitrotoluene(TNT)explosion

作　　者：岳军政 吴先前 黄晨光 Junzheng Yue;Xianqian Wu;Chenguang Huang(Institute of Mechanics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing,100190,China;Institute of Physical Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Hefei,230031,China)

机构地区：[1]Institute of Mechanics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing,100190,China [2]Institute of Physical Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Hefei,230031,China

出　　处：《Acta Mechanica Sinica》2024年第4期89-98,共10页力学学报（英文版）

基　　金：the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12002349,12272391,and 12232020);the opening project of State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology(Grant No.KFJJ23-22M).

摘　　要：研究炸药在深海爆炸的威力特征对于提高深海设备的生存能力和作战能力至关重要.本文通过数值模拟和相似分析,考虑实际深水条件,研究了1千克三硝基甲苯(TNT)在不同水深(1~10千米)下的爆炸力学效应.系统分析了不同水深爆炸的冲击波超压、正压脉冲、气泡脉动以及能量分布.数值模拟结果表明,水深对冲击波超压峰值的影响很小.然而,冲击波正压脉冲、冲击波能量、最大气泡半径、气泡能量以及气泡脉动周期随着水深的增加而显著减小.此外,对TNT深海爆炸冲击波进行了相似分析,揭示了关键的无量纲影响参数,并得到了冲击波超压和正压脉冲的相似律.通过拟合数值模拟结果,提出了无量纲公式,为预测不同水深条件下TNT爆炸冲击波超压峰值和正压脉冲提供了有效方法.Understanding the dynamic characteristics of deep-sea explosions is essential to improve the survivability and combat capability of deep-sea equipment.In this paper,by considering the practical underwater conditions,we investigated the mechanical effects of the deep-sea 1-kg-trinitrotoluene(TNT)explosion with charge depths ranging from 1 to 10 km through numerical simulation and dimensional analysis.The shock wave overpressure,the positive overpressure pulse,the bubble pulse,and the energy distribution for various depth explosions were analyzed systematically.The simulation results showed that the charge depth was negligible for the peak overpressure of the shock wave.However,the positive overpressure pulse,the shock wave energy,the maximum bubble radius,the bubble energy,and the bubble period decrease significantly with increasing the charge depth.Then,the dimensional analysis for deep-sea TNT explosion was performed to reveal the key dimensionless parameters,from which the scaling laws of the shock wave overpressure and the overpressure pulse were obtained.By fitting the simulation results,the dimensionless equations were proposed,providing an effective method for predicting the peak overpressure and the positive overpressure pulse of shock wave for underwater TNT explosion over a wide range of water depths.

关 键 词：相似分析 冲击波能量 爆炸冲击波 相似律 爆炸效应 爆炸力学 冲击波超压 能量分布 

分 类 号：O3[理学—力学]