2020-2022年宝鸡市0~18岁儿童青少年伤害病例流行病学特征分析  

Epidemiological characteristics of injury cases among children and adolescents aged 0-18 years in Baoji City from 2020 to 2022

作　　者：赵丽[1] 王红林[1] 赵云云 ZHAO Li;WANG Honglin;ZHAO Yunyun(Baoji Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Baoji 721006,Shaanxi Province,China;Meixian Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Baoji 722300,Shaanxi Province,China)

机构地区：[1]宝鸡市疾病预防控制中心,陕西宝鸡721006 [2]眉县疾病预防控制中心,陕西眉县722300

出　　处：《预防医学情报杂志》2024年第6期652-660,共9页Journal of Preventive Medicine Information

摘　　要：目的 分析2020-2022年宝鸡市0~18岁儿童青少年伤害病例特征,为减少医院及所在地区儿童青少年伤害提供科学依据。方法 根据全国伤害监测信息管理平台收集2020-2022年宝鸡市哨点医院伤害监测病例的基础信息,分析不同年份、性别、年龄组人群伤害发生时间、原因、地点和特点等情况,采用Excel 2007软件和SPSS 25.0软件进行伤害监测数据整理和分析。分类资料采用构成比进行描述,并采用χ^(2)检验进行统计分析,检验水准α=0.05。结果 2020-2022年宝鸡市3家伤害监测哨点医院共收集0~18岁儿童青少年门/急诊伤害病例3 189例,占所有伤害病例的23.00%,男性2 004例(62.84%),女性1 185例(37.16%),男女性别比为1.69∶1。儿童青少年伤害发生时间以夏季居多,动物伤为主;儿童青少年伤害发生原因前3位分别是动物伤(43.43%)、跌倒伤(25.90%)和机动车伤(8.5%);伤害发生地点前3位分别是家中(49.33%)、学校与公共场所(24.11%)和公路/街道(22.58%);伤害部位前3位分别是四肢(61.68%)、头颈部(27.38%)和躯干(6.37%);伤害严重程度分别为轻度(85.79%)、中度(12.98%)和重度(1.22%)。随着儿童青少年年龄的增加,轻度伤害逐渐降低,而中重度伤害逐渐增加。儿童青少年伤害病例中非故意伤害(意外事故)占96.05%,故意伤害(暴力、攻击、自残/自杀)占3.95%,且故意伤害(暴力、攻击、自残/自杀)随年龄增加逐渐增长,到青春期已达11.90%。结论 宝鸡市儿童青少年伤害威胁日趋严重,预防儿童青少年伤害应以男性、动物伤为主。儿童青少年意外伤害可防可控,宝鸡市应针对不同性别、年龄段及伤害发生特点实施综合干预措施。Objective To analyze the characteristics of injury cases among children and adolescents aged 0-18 years in Baoji City from 2020 to 2022,and to provide scientific basis for reducing injury among children and adolescents in hospitals and local regions.Methods Based on the collection of basic information on injury monitoring cases in sentinel hospitals of Baoji City from 2020 to 2022 according to the National Injury Monitoring Information Management Platform,the occurrence time,cause,location and characteristics of injuries in different years,genders and age groups were analyzed.Excel 2007 software and SPSS 25.0 software were used to organize and analyze the injury monitoring data.Categorical data were described by composition ratios and x2 test was used for statistical analysis.The test level wasα=0.05.Results From 2020 to 2022,a total of 3189 children and adolescents aged 0-18 years were collected from three sentinel hospitals in Baoji City,accounting for 23.00%of all injury cases.There were 2004 males(62.84%)and 1185 females(37.16%),with a sex ratio of 1.69∶1.Most of the injuries of children and adolescents occurred in summer,and the most cases were injured by animals.The top three causes of injury in children and adolescents were animal injury(43.43%),fall injury(25.90%)and motor vehicle injury(8.5%).The top three places of injury were home(49.33%),school and other public places(24.11%)and road/street(22.58%).The top three injured places were limbs(61.68%),head or neck(27.38%)and trunk(6.37%).The severity of injury classified into three degrees:mild(85.79%),moderate(12.98%)and severe(1.22%).With the increase of the age of children and adolescents,mild injuries gradually decreased,while the moderate and severe injuries gradually increased.Among the cases of injury among children and adolescents,96.05%were non-intentional injury(accidents),and 3.95%were intentional injury(violence,assault,self-injury/suicide).And the occurrence of intentional injury increased with age and reached 11.90%in adolescence.Conclusion

关 键 词：儿童青少年 意外伤害 伤害流行特征 伤害预防 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学] R179[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]