我国中老年人健康体检服务利用现状及影响因素分析  

Analysis of the Current Situation and Influencing Factors of the Utilization of Health Examination Services for Middle-aged and Elderly People in China

作　　者：魏萱 魏颖 王宁 赵洋 翟向明[5] Wei Xuan;Wei Ying;Wang Ning;Zhao Yang;Zhai Xiangming(不详;Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University,Jinan,Shandong,250021,China)

机构地区：[1]山东第一医科大学附属省立医院,山东济南250021 [2]山东省卫生健康宣传教育中心,山东济南250002 [3]新南威尔士大学乔治全球健康研究院,澳大利亚悉尼2050 [4]墨尔本大学人口与全球健康学院,澳大利亚墨尔本3010 [5]滨州医学院卫生管理学院,山东烟台264000

出　　处：《中国初级卫生保健》2024年第6期6-10,共5页Chinese Primary Health Care

基　　金：山东省公共卫生体系建设研究课题项目(GWY202349);山东省中医药科技项目(Q-2023025)。

摘　　要：目的:了解我国中老年人健康体检服务利用现状及影响因素,为相关部门制定政策提供参考依据。方法:利用中国健康与养老追踪调查在2020年开展的第五轮全国调查数据,基于安德森模型系统分析我国≥45岁中老年人健康体检服务利用现状,采用logistic回归模型分析影响中老年人健康体检服务利用的因素。结果:15 758名研究对象中,进行健康体检的中老年人有7 114人(45.1%)。logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄、受教育程度、是否吸烟、社交情况、是否上网、养老保险类别、医保类别、慢性病数量是中老年人健康体检服务利用的影响因素。结论:我国中老年人健康体检服务利用率较低,相关部门应以老年人健康体检为抓手做实老年人健康指导、健康咨询、健康管理等服务,借助网络、电视、报纸等多种形式加强健康体检相关知识的宣教力度,完善医保制度,将健康体检费用全部或部分纳入医保报销范畴,减轻中低收入人群的经济负担,提高居民体检积极性,从而促进疾病的早预防、早诊治。OBJECTIVE Understand the current situation and influencing factors of the utilization of health examination services for middle-aged and elderly people in China,and provide reference basis for relevant departments to formulate policies.METHODS Using the fifth round of national survey data conducted by the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study in 2020,the Anderson model was used to systematically analyze the current situation of health examination service utilization among middle-aged and elderly people aged≥45 in China.A multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the factors affecting the utilization of health examination services among middle-aged and elderly people.RESULTS Among the 15758 study subjects,7114 middle-aged and elderly people(45.1%)underwent health examinations.The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age,education level,smoking status,social status,internet use,pension insurance category,medical insurance category,and number of chronic diseases were the influencing factors on the utilization of health examination services for middle-aged and elderly people.CONCLUSION The utilization rate of health examination services for middle-aged and elderly people in country is relatively low.Relevant departments should take health examinations for the elderly as a starting point to provide health guidance,consultation,and management services for the elderly.They should use various forms such as the internet,television,and newspapers to strengthen the promotion of health examination related knowledge,improve the medical insurance system,include all or part of health examination expenses in the scope of medical insurance reimbursement,reduce the economic burden on middle and low-income groups,improve the enthusiasm of residents for physical examinations,and promote early prevention and treatment of diseases.

关 键 词：中老年人 健康体检 影响因素 

分 类 号：R195[医药卫生—卫生统计学]