日本中世变体汉文文献中的疑难字词词义辨析——兼及词源问题  

Lexical meaning and source of some problematic words in Late Middle Japanese Hentai Kambun

作　　者：张愚 ZHANG Yu

机构地区：[1]中山大学外国语学院,广州

出　　处：《中国语文》2024年第4期496-509,512,共15页Studies of the Chinese Language

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“日本院政、镰仓时代变体汉文文献中的中日同源汉字词词义异变研究”(22BYY188)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：本文以日本中世(11-16世纪)的部分变体汉文文献为主要材料,重新探讨其中汉字词的语义特征、词源问题。变体汉文中的“汉字词”使用情况复杂,文章重点讨论其中的两类:1)借自汉语,但传人日本后词义发生了不同程度变化的字词,如坚”“状”“令”“所”等;2)与汉语原词“同形不同源”的“和制汉语”,如“兼日”“无心”等。结合词源问题详尽探讨日本变体汉文文献群中的字词词义特点,对了解汉语在域外文献中的接受情况有着重要的意义,对重新认识域外文献在汉语词汇史研究方面的学术价值也不无裨益。This paper analyzes the semantic features and variations of some adapted Chinese words in Hentai Kambun(literature writen in Japanese-adapted Chinese dating from 11^(th) to 16^(th) century).Some words were loaned from literary or vernacular Chinese with certain semantic change.Other words borrowed the written form of Chinese words but kept the original meaning in Japanese.Examination of the semantic change and etymology of these words in Hentai Kambun would enable us to better understand the acceptance and evolution of Chinese words in literature overseas.It would also benefit the re-evaluation of foreign literature in studies of Chinese lexical history.

关 键 词：日本变体汉文 语义演变 汉字词的词源 

分 类 号：H131[语言文字—汉语]