管式固体氧化物燃料电池技术进展  

Development of Tubular Solid Oxide Fuel Cells Technology

作　　者：陈汝妍 高九涛 高圆[1] 张惠宇 李成新[1,2] CHEN Ruyan;GAO Jiutao;GAO Yuan;ZHANG Huiyu;LI Chengxin(State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials,Xian Jiaotong University,Xian 710049,China;Shandong Moon Hydrogen Technology Research Institute Co.,Ltd,Yantai 264002,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学金属材料强度国家重点实验室,西安710049 [2]山东冰轮海卓氢能技术研究院有限公司,山东烟台264002

出　　处：《硅酸盐学报》2024年第6期1900-1916,共17页Journal of The Chinese Ceramic Society

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2021YFB4001400)。

摘　　要：管式固体氧化物燃料电池(SOFC)的结构特征决定了其高温密封难度低于板式结构,特殊的管式SOFC结构设计可以完全解决高温密封难题,尤其是在一个管上进行多个单电池串联集成设计的管式SOFC结构,其一个电池管相当于一个小型电堆,具有独特的高电压小电流的输出特征,可显著降低管式电池的欧姆极化损失。管式SOFC的密封难度降低使得管式电池组堆相对容易,且电堆运行中的热应力约束较小,有助于电堆长期稳定运行。与板式电池相比,其体积功率密度和输出电流密度在同等条件下相对较低。本文综述了国内外管式SOFC的典型结构设计,通过管式SOFC的几何结构与电池支撑体的材料类型进行了分类,包括按电池支撑材料分类的阳极支撑型、阴极支撑型、陶瓷管支撑型、金属/金属陶瓷支撑型,按照管式SOFC的几何形状分类的圆管多节、扁管多节,单节圆管及单节扁管结构。同时综述了管式SOFC的常用材料及常用制备方法,最后对管式SOFC的发展进行了展望。Solid oxide fuel cell(SOFC)is a power generation device that can directly convert chemical energy into electrical energy,which has a high power generation efficiency.Compared with the conventional power generation mode,the use of the SOFC to generate electricity can greatly reduce the environmental pollution.Solid oxide fuel cells can be divided into tubular and flat plate types according to their structure.The structural characteristics of SOFC determine that its high temperature sealing difficulty is lower than that of plate structure,and the special tubular SOFC structure design can completely solve the high-temperature sealing problem,especially in the tubular SOFC structure with multiple single cells in series integrated design on one battery tube.One battery tube is equivalent to a small stack with unique output characteristics of a high voltage and a low current,which can significantly reduce the ohmic polarization loss of tubular cells.The reduced sealing difficulty of tubular SOFC makes the tubular battery stack relatively easy,and the thermal stress constraint in the operation of the stack is small,which is conducive to the long-term stable operation of the stack.Compared with plate batteries,their volumetric power density and output current density are relatively low under the same conditions.In addition,tubular SOFC can be also operated under pressure due to its good sealing characteristics,further improving the power generation efficiency.After continuous development,significant breakthroughs in the technology of tubular SOFC are mode,especially for establishing kilowatt level SOFC power generation systems and achieving commercialization.Most of the single tube batteries used are multi-cell structures.The development of SOFC technology starts relatively late in China,so although it is commercialized,it is mostly a single tube single cell structure,and there is little research on multiple cells.This review represented the typical structural design of tubular SOFC,and classified the geometry of tubular

关 键 词：管式固体氧化物燃料电池 支撑材料 几何结构 制备方法 电堆 

分 类 号：TM911.4[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]