南疆农村少数民族青壮年国家通用语言能力提升的路径与价值——基于和田市K村的个案研究  

The Path and Value of Improving the National Lingua Franca Ability of Ethnic Young and Middle-aged People in Rural Areas of Southern Xinjiang:A Case Study Based on K Village in Hotan City

作　　者：任晔 李志忠 REN Ye;LI Zhi-zhong(Chinese Language and Culture College,Xinjiang University of Finance and Economics,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830012;Chinese Language and Literature College,Xinjiang Normal University,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830017)

机构地区：[1]新疆财经大学中国语言文化学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830012 [2]新疆师范大学中国语言文学学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830017

出　　处：《民族教育研究》2024年第2期169-176,共8页Journal of Research on Education for Ethnic Minorities

基　　金：2022年国家社科基金重点项目“少数民族地区国家通用语言推广普及策略研究”(项目编号:22AZD151);2022年国家社科基金项目“南疆少数民族个人领域文字使用现状调查研究”(项目编号:22BYY065)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：南疆少数民族青壮年农民是国家通用语言普及最需攻坚的群体之一。在南疆社会经济大力发展的背景下,本文以该群体为研究对象,采用质性研究方法,以和田市吉亚乡K村为个案,调查少数民族青壮年农民学习国家通用语言的路径和价值。研究发现,工作场域转换、培训持续开展、新媒体使用以及子女对家长的反哺是农村少数民族青壮年学习国家通用语言的主要路径。由此为农民带来了信息与技术的获得、社会合作的增加、社会流动的增进以及社会交往的扩展。从K村青壮年农民国家通用语言学习的过程可以发现,语言接触和学习动机是最重要的因素,解决供给与需求是促进南疆农村国家通用语言推广普及的关键。本文从宏观、中观、微观层面提出增加国家通用语言有效供给的路径,从主观和客观方面提出激发国家通用语言学习需求的基本路向。The ethnic young and middle-aged farmers in southern Xinjiang are one of the most important groups for the popularization of national lingua franca.Taking this group as the research object,the article adopts the qualitative research method,and takes the case of K Village,Jiya Township,Hotan City as a study object,so as to investigate the path and value of ethnic young farmers learning the national lingua franca under the background of vigorous social and economic development in southern Xinjiang in recent years.The research found that the transformation of the work field,the continuous training,the adoption of new media and children's feedback education to their parents are the main ways for the young adults of rural ethnic people to learn the national lingua franca.This has brought the acquisition of information and technology,the increase of social cooperation,the improvement of social mobility and the expansion of social communication to the ethnic young and middle-aged farmers in southern Xinjiang.From the process of young and middle-aged farmers'learning the national lingua franca in K Village,we can find that language contact and learning motivation are the most important factors,and solving the issue of supply and demand is the key to promote the popularization of national lingua franca in rural areas of southern Xinjiang.This article proposes the path to increase the effective supply of national lingua franca from the macro,medium and micro levels,and suggests the basic path to stimulate the demand of national lingua franca learning from the subjective and objectiveaspects.

关 键 词：国家通用语言 南疆 农村 少数民族 青壮年农民 

分 类 号：H102[语言文字—汉语] D633[政治法律—政治学]