考虑充电连续的电动公交充电调度优化  

Optimization of Electric Bus Charging Scheduling Considering Continuous Charging

作　　者：苑佳欣 蒋洋 YUAN Jia-xin;JIANG Yang(School of Management,Shenyang University of Technology,Shenyang 110870,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳工业大学管理学院,辽宁沈阳110870

出　　处：《系统工程》2024年第3期83-93,共11页Systems Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(71801160);辽宁省自然科学基金计划项目(2022-MS-266);辽宁省教育厅面上项目(LJKR0075)。

摘　　要：本文设计刻画充电连续性的拔插电次数约束,将其加入电动公交车充电调度优化问题中,并设置灵活的初始电量,采用时间离散化建模方法将问题表述为以最小化运营总成本为目标的混合整数规划模型,采用CPLEX进行求解。加州戴维斯案例优化结果表明:13条线路、440个行程任务的公交网路,计算耗时1800秒左右求得精确解。敏感性分析表明:续航里程为270~300千米的灵活初始电量设置与固定初始电量相比,充电时长平均降低5%以上,运营管理中建议将固定初始电量设置为电池最大容量的70%时近似最小成本,拔插电次数约束显著降低80%以上的不合理的充电操作。本文还对不同电池容量以及不同电价方案进行了敏感性分析。In this paper,the constraints of the number of times to plug and unplug the electric buses that characterize the charging continuity are designed to be added to the electric bus charging scheduling optimization problem,and a flexible initial power form is set.This paper proposes a mixed integer programming model with the goal of minimizing the total operating cost by using the time discretization modeling method,which is solved by using CPLEX.The objective value of Davis case in California shows that the bus network with 13 lines and 440 travel tasks takes about 1800 seconds to obtain the accurate solution.The sensitivity analysis shows that compared with the fixed initial electric quantity,the flexible initial electric quantity setting with a range of 270~300 km reduces the charging duration by more than 5%on average.It is suggested in the operation management that the fixed initial electric quantity is set to 70%of the maximum battery capacity,which is approximately the minimum cost,and the unreasonable charging operation that the number of times of plugging and unplugging is significantly reduced by more than 80%.This paper also analyzes the sensitivity of different battery capacities and different electricity price schemes.

关 键 词：充电管理 电动公交 时间离散化 拔插电约束 

分 类 号：U4[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]