公众参与与政府响应视角下的环境治理机制及效果  

The Mechanism and Effect of Environmental Governance from the Perspective of Combining Public Participation and Government Response

作　　者：蔡真[1,2] 万兆 CAI Zhen;WAN Zhao(Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing,China;Southeast University,Nanjing,China)

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院金融研究所 [2]中国社会科学院大学,100710 [3]东南大学经济管理学院 [4]东南大学国家发展与政策研究院,211189

出　　处：《经济学动态》2024年第5期72-88,共17页Economic Perspectives

摘　　要：国家环境治理体系的完善对实现“人与自然和谐共生的现代化”具有重要意义。本文基于中国A股上市企业、各省、地级市、省直辖县数据,从中国公众参与与政府响应相结合的视角切入,实证分析了中国公众参与环境治理的有效途径与环境治理效应。研究发现:公众环境问题关切可以促进企业增加环保投资;公众有效的环保行动与政府积极的环境治理响应,是公众促进企业增加环保投资的主要作用机制;公众环境问题关切可以同时显著促进企业增加末端治理与源头控制类环保投资;公众不同类型的环境问题关切对企业环保投资的促进作用存在差异;企业特征方面,国有、低融资约束、高盈利能力企业受公众环境问题关切的促进作用更加显著;地区特征方面,工业企业经济贡献小、政府经济业绩压力小的地区,公众环境问题关切的促进作用更加显著。本文的研究为中国环境治理机制及效果提供了直接、系统的研究证据,总结了既往制度在公众参与环境治理过程中的不足,为完善多元共治环境治理体系、促进企业实施环保投资提供了一定经验证据与政策启示。In recent years,with the escalating challenges of climate change and environmental pollution,the Chinese government has attached great importance to environmental protection and governance.The report of the Party's 20th National Congress listed “modernization of harmonious coexistence between man and nature” as one of the mission tasks of the Communist Party of China in the new era and the new journey,and the key to completing this mission is to “improve the modern environmental governance system”.Current research in China primarily focuses on the government as the single environmental governance actor,examining how regulations drive enterprises to invest in environmental protection and assume pollution responsibilities.However,it relatively underemphasizes the role and potential of the public in the context of China,where grassroots governance and anti-corruption efforts have shown the effectiveness of the mass line approach.This paper,therefore,explores the mechanisms,outcomes,and heterogeneity of environmental governance from a perspective integrating public participation and government response.This paper initially constructs a cost-benefit analysis framework for corporate environmental investment under the objective of profit maximization through theoretical analyses.It posits that Chinese public participation can effectively address local government's insufficient attention to environmental governance and mitigate information asymmetry between polluting enterprises and local governments.In response,the government actively engages the public in environmental management,ultimately incentivizing firms to invest in eco-friendly initiatives by enhancing their returns and reducing costs.To substantiate these theoretical claims,data from A-share listed companies in China,at the city level,and provincial directly governed counties between 2011 and 2018 are collected.Empirical analysis is conducted to examine the effective channels and environmental governance effects of public participation.The findings rev

关 键 词：多元共治环境治理体系 公众环境问题关切 政府积极响应 

分 类 号：D630[政治法律—政治学] X321[政治法律—中外政治制度]