上海市某镇老年人营养不良风险评估与健康体检结果分析研究  

Risk assessment of malnutrition among elderly people in a Town,Shanghai and analysis of health examination results

作　　者：陈云峰 潘雅萍 凌云 朱泽红 张丽华[2] CHEN Yunfeng;PAN Yaping;LING Yun;ZHU Zehong;ZHANG Lihua(Department of Medical Services,Community Health Service Center in Gaojing Town of Baoshan,Shanghai 200435,China;Department of General,Community Health Service Center in Gaojing Town of Baoshan,Shanghai 200435,China;Department of Emergency,Baoshan District Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital,Shanghai 201999,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市宝山区高境镇社区卫生服务中心医务科,上海200435 [2]上海市宝山区高境镇社区卫生服务中心全科,上海200435 [3]上海市宝山区中西医结合医院急诊科,上海201999

出　　处：《检验医学与临床》2024年第S01期29-35,共7页Laboratory Medicine and Clinic

基　　金：上海市宝山区医学卫生项目(2023-E-55);上海市宝山区(2023-2025)医学特色品牌建设计划资助项目(BSZK-2023-T07)。

摘　　要：目的调查上海市高境镇参加健康体检老年人的营养情况与体检结果,并探讨营养不良和营养不良风险的可能影响因素,为社区卫生服务中心更好地开展临床营养工作提供参考。方法研究对象选取上海市高境镇参加2023年老年人免费健康体检者,采用分层随机抽样方法,纳入1326例进行营养现况调查问卷和微型营养量表评定,并追踪查询其体检结果,采用单因素和多因素回归进行分析。结果1326例研究对象中,营养状况正常者909例,存在营养不良的风险者411例,存在营养不良者6例;单因素分析结果显示,现存子女数量、高血压史、冠心病史、脑卒中史、肿瘤史、体育锻炼习惯、牙齿情况、自我评价营养情况、家庭医生签约、体检血红蛋白、肝功能、肾功能、血脂、腹部超声结果等因素存在统计学意义(P<0.05);多因素分析结果显示有高血压史、脑卒中史、肿瘤史、缺乏体育锻炼习惯、自我评价营养情况一般或不清楚、未与家庭医生签约、肾功能异常等因素是引起老年人营养不良风险的主要危险因素;而牙不全但不影响咀嚼、肝功能和腹部超声异常则是引起老年人营养不良风险的保护性因素。结论上海市高境镇老年人营养不良风险的发生率较高,应重视老年人营养评估与营养干预,有利于社区临床营养工作的开展。Objective To investigate the nutritional status and physical examination results of elderly people participating in health examinations in Gaojing Town,Shanghai,and explore possible influencing factors of malnutrition and malnutrition risk,providing reference for community health service centers to better carry out clinical nutrition work.Methods The research subjects were selected from Gaojing Town of Shanghai,who participated in the 2023 free health examination for the elderly,Using stratified random sampling method,1326 individuals were included in the nutrition status survey questionnaire and mini nutrition scale assessment,And track and query their physical examination results,using single factor and multiple factor regression analysis.Results Among the 1326 study subjects,909 had normal nutritional status,411 were at risk of malnutrition,and 6 were at risk of malnutrition;The results of univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant factors such as the number of existing children,history of hypertension,history of coronary heart disease,history of stroke,history of tumors,physical exercise habits,dental condition,self-evaluation of nutritional status,contracted services from family doctors,physical examination of hemoglobin,liver function,renal function,blood lipids,and abdominal ultrasound results(P<0.05);the results of multivariate logistic analysis showed that factors such as a history of hypertension,stroke,tumor,lack of physical exercise habits,general or unclear self-evaluation of nutritional status,failure to sign a contract with a family doctor,and abnormal renal function were the main risk factors for malnutrition in the elderly;Incomplete teeth that do not affect chewing,liver function and abnormal abdominal ultrasound are protective factors that pose a risk of malnutrition in the elderly.Conclusion The incidence of malnutrition and the risk of malnutrition among the elderly in Gaojing Town,Shanghai is relatively high.Attention should be paid to nutritional assessment and int

关 键 词：营养不良 风险 健康体检 社区卫生服务中心 

分 类 号：R33[医药卫生—人体生理学]