西凉湖沉积物重金属及营养元素分布特征及污染评价  

Distribution characteristics and pollution assessment of heavy metals and nutrients in sediments of Xiliang Lake

作　　者：周大量 李柏霖 曾强 胡红娟[2] 吴辰熙[2] ZHOU Da-iang;LI Bo-in;ZENG Qiang;HU Hong-juan;WU Chen-xi(Xianning Ecological Environment Bureau,Xianning 437000,Hubei,China;Institute of Hydrobiology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan 430072,China;Hubei Ecological Environment Monitoring Center Station,Wuhan 430072,China)

机构地区：[1]咸宁市生态环境局,湖北咸宁437000 [2]中国科学院水生生物研究所,武汉430072 [3]湖北省生态环境监测中心站,武汉430072

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2024年第7期53-59,66,共8页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

摘　　要：以西凉湖沉积物为研究对象,利用地累积指数法和潜在生态风险指数法评估其重金属元素的污染情况,利用综合污染指数法和有机污染指数法评价其氮、磷元素及有机质的污染情况。结果表明,西凉湖沉积物整体受到重金属污染水平较低,Cu、Zn、As、Hg污染情况在空间分布上相似,少数点位Cd、Ni、Hg元素达中度或重度污染,归因于养殖饲料和交通运输。西凉湖沉积物中氮、磷元素污染评价结果显示,磷元素污染情况相对较轻,80%的点位处于中度污染水平;氮元素污染情况严重,所有点位均达重度污染;氮、磷元素的综合评价中所有点位均达重度污染。有机污染指数法评价结果显示,所有点位有机污染指数均大于0.50,达重度污染水平。结合氮、磷元素的评价结果,将外源污染归因于西凉湖曾经过度发展渔业造成的营养输入。Taking Xiliang Lake as the research object,the pollution of heavy metal elements was evaluated by the geo-accumulation index method and the potential ecological risk index method,and the pollution of nitrogen,phosphorus and organic matter was evaluat-ed by the comprehensive pollution index method and the organic pollution index method.The results showed that the overall level of heavy metal pollution in the sediment of Xiliang Lake was relatively low,and the spatial distribution of Cu,Zn,As and Hg heavy met-al elements was similar.A few points showed moderate or severe pollution of Cd,Ni and Hg elements,which was attributed to aquacul-ture feed and transportation.In the assessment of nitrogen and phosphorus pollution in the sediment of Xiliang Lake,it was found that phosphorus pollution was relatively low,with a moderate pollution level at 80%of the points;the nitrogen pollution situation was se-vere,and all points had reached severe pollution.All points in the comprehensive evaluation of nitrogen and phosphorus elements had reached severe pollution.The evaluation results of the organic pollution index method showed that the organic pollution index at all points was greater than 0.5,reaching the level of severe pollution.Based on the evaluation results of nitrogen and phosphorus ele-ments,the external pollution was attributed to the nutrient input caused by the excessive development of fisheries in Xiliang Lake.

关 键 词：西凉湖 沉积物 重金属 营养元素 有机质 分布特征 污染评价 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程]