稗草对酰胺类除草剂抗药性水平的测定及对乙草胺的抗药性生理生化机制  

Determination of the resistance level of Echinochloa crusgalli populations to amide herbicides and the physiological and biochemical mechanism of acetochlor resistance

作　　者：贾燕 罗彦铮 张添翼 张林 叶娜 刘雪梅 王学贵 JIA Yan;LUO Yan-zheng;ZHANG Tian-yi;ZHANG Lin;YE Na;LIU Xue-mei;WANG Xue-gui(College of Agronomy/Non-Pollution Pesticide Research Laboratory,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,China;State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,China)

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学农学院/无公害农药研究实验室,成都611130 [2]四川农业大学西南作物基因资源发掘与利用国家重点实验室,成都611130

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2024年第7期60-66,共7页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0200300)。

摘　　要：通过盆栽法测定了成都平原水稻稗草种群对4种酰胺类除草剂的抗药性水平,以及3个代表性稗草种群对乙草胺胁迫的生理响应。结果表明,2018年和2019年成都平原稻区供试稗草种群对乙草胺均达中抗水平,抗性指数(RI)分别为12.37~16.46和16.15~21.86;对异丙甲草胺处于低抗或中抗水平,RI分别为9.41~10.44和9.69~10.98;对丁草胺处于低抗水平,RI分别为3.74~4.59和4.55~5.16;对苯噻酰草胺处于敏感或低抗水平,RI分别为2.45~3.79和2.73~3.98。在乙草胺胁迫下,抗性稗草种群与敏感种群实际光量子产额、胞间二氧化碳浓度、蒸腾速率、气孔导度等生理指标均呈下降趋势;生化指标谷胱甘肽S-转移酶(GSTs)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性逐渐下降,丙二醛(MDA)含量呈上升趋势,但抗性稗草的损伤明显低于敏感型稗草。因此,成都平原稻区供试稗草种群对常见酰胺类除草剂仍处于敏感至中等水平抗性,GSTs活性提高是稗草对乙草胺产生代谢抗性的主要原因。The resistance level of Echinochloa crusgalli population to 4 amide herbicides and the physiological response of 3 represen-tative Echinochloa crusgalli populations to acetochlor stress in Chengdu Plain were measured by pot method.The results showed that in 2018 and 2019,the resistance index(RI)of Echinochloa crusgalli in Chengdu Plain rice area was 12.37~16.46 and 16.15~21.86,re-spectively.The levels of resistance to metolachlor were low or medium,and RI were 9.41~10.44 and 9.69~10.98,respectively.The re-sistance levels to butachlor were low,RI were 3.74~4.59 and 4.55~5.16,respectively.The Echinochloa crusgalli population was sensi-tive or low resistant to P-benthiaclachlor,with RI of 2.45~3.79 and 2.73~3.98,respectively.The physiological parameters of the actu-al light quantum yield,intercellular carbon dioxide concentration,transpiration rate and stomatal conductance of resistant and sensi-tive populations showed a downward trend under acetochlor stress.The activities of glutathione S-transferase(GSTs)and superoxide dismutase(SOD)decreased gradually,and the content of malondialdehyde(MDA)showed an upward trend,but the damage of resis-tant Echinochloa crusgalli population was significantly lower than that of sensitive population.Therefore,Echinochloa crusgalli popula-tion tested in Chengdu Plain rice area was still sensitive to medium level of resistance to common amide herbicides,and the increase of GSTs activity was the main reason for the metabolic resistance of Echinochloa crusgalli to acetochlor.

关 键 词：稗草[Echinochloa crusgalli(L.)Beauv] 酰胺类除草剂 抗药性 生理生化机制 

分 类 号：S482.4[农业科学—农药学]