陕西省核桃黑斑病新病原的鉴定及室内药剂筛选  

Identification of new pathogen of walnut black spot disease in Shaanxi Province and screening of laboratory agents

作　　者：雷琼[1] 林鑫 王文俊 屈佳楠 张治有 LEI Qiong;LIN Xin;WANG Wen-jun;QU Jia-nan;ZHANG Zhi-you(Yangling Vocational&Technical College,Yangling 712100,Shaanxi,China;Center for Returning Farmland to Forestry and Grassland,Shangluo 726000,Shaanxi,China;Shangluo Walnut Research Institute of China,Shangluo 726000,Shaanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]杨凌职业技术学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]陕西省商洛市商州区退耕还林还草中心,陕西商洛726000 [3]中国商洛核桃研究所,陕西商洛726000

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2024年第7期67-71,238,共6页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：陕西林业科技创新重点专项(SXLK2022-02-10);杨凌职业技术学院院内基金项目(ZK 22-48);陕西省自然科学基金项目(2023-JC-YB-209)。

摘　　要：分离田间红仁核桃(Juglans regia ‘Robert Livermore’)病叶上的黑斑病病原细菌,通过科赫氏试验明确致病菌,并通过病原菌生化试验以及分子生物学技术明确病原菌的分类学地位。结果表明,从红仁核桃的田间核桃病叶中分离到23株菌落形态一致的细菌菌株,从中随机选取菌株进行科赫氏回接试验能引起红仁核桃叶片发病,通过生理生化表型试验,结合基于16S rDNA、gyrB、rpoD基因序列的多位点序列分析,将该病原鉴定为扁桃假单胞菌(Pseudomonas amygdali)。随后对12种药剂进行室内毒力测定,筛选出的6种药剂对该病原菌具有明显抑制作用。其中,四霉素抑菌效果最好,EC50为50.353 4 μg/mL,其他药剂抑菌效果表现为中生菌素>春雷霉素>噻菌酮>噻唑锌>氢氧化铜。The pathogenic bacteria of black spot disease on the diseased leaves of Juglans regia‘Robert Livermore’were isolated,and the pathogenic bacteria were identified by Koch’s test,and the status of the pathogenic bacteria in taxonomy was determined by pathogen biochemical tests and molecular biology techniques.The results showed that 23 bacterial strains with the consistent colony morphology were isolated from the diseased leaves of the red kernel walnut in the field,and Koch’s tieback test was performed on ran-domly selected strains to cause the disease of red kernel walnut leaves.Through physiological and biochemical phenotype tests,com-bined with multi-site sequence analysis based on 16S rDNA,gyrB and rpoD gene sequences,the pathogen was identified as Pseudo-monas amygdali.Then 12 kinds of agents were tested for indoor toxicity,and 6 agents having an obvious inhibitory effect on the patho-gen were screened out.Among them,tetramycin had the best bacteriostatic effect,with an EC50 of 50.3534μg/mL,and the bacterio-static effect of other agents was zhongshengmycin>kasugamycin>thiodiazole-copper>thiazole zinc>copper hydroxide.

关 键 词：红仁核桃(Juglans regia‘Robert Livermore’) 核桃黑斑病 扁桃假单胞菌(Pseudomonas amygdali) 新病原 室内药剂筛选 陕西省 

分 类 号：S436.64[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]