意思自治原则在涉外知识产权侵权纠纷法律选择中的适用  

On Application of the Principle of Party Autonomy in Choice of Law in Foreign-Related Intellectual Property Infringement Disputes

作　　者：金松 Jin Song

机构地区：[1]河北大学法学院 [2]河北大学国家治理法治化研究中心

出　　处：《电子知识产权》2024年第6期15-26,共12页Electronics Intellectual Property

基　　金：河北省社会科学基金项目“面向文化数字化战略的数字作品非同质代币化交易著作权法规制研究”(项目编号:HB23FX013)的研究成果。

摘　　要：意思自治原则应有限适用于涉外知识产权侵权纠纷的法律选择。同时应当对其进行“弱者权利保护”“公共秩序保留”以及“强制性规定”的限制。我国涉外知识产权侵权纠纷的司法实践中,当事人协议选择知识产权侵权准据法的情况极少。在当事人未选择准据法的情况下,法院的审理存在两方面倾向:一方面,无视知识产权法律冲突,直接适用我国知识产权实体法进行判决;另一方面,适用“被请求保护地法”时直接向“法院地法”逃逸。在现行《涉外民事关系法律适用法》框架下,对被请求保护地在不同情形中应做不同理解:被请求保护地作为知识产权归属和内容的连结点,应理解为权利来源地;作为知识产权侵权责任的连结点,应理解为与案件有最密切联系的侵权行为地。The principle of party autonomy should be applied to the choice of law in foreign-related intellectual property infringement disputes restrictedly.Meanwhile,it should be restricted in the aspects of“right protection of the weak”,“reservation of public order”and“mandatory regulation”.In judicial practice of China’s foreign-related intellectual property infringement disputes,the parties rarely choose applicable law by autonomy agreements.In cases where the parties have not chosen applicable law,there are two main trends in the trial of foreign-related intellectual property rights infringement cases in China:on the one hand,courts disregard for intellectual property law conflicts and directly apply the substantive law of intellectual property rights to make judgments;On the other hand,courts often escape to“law of the forum”when apply“the laws of the country where protection is claimed”.“The place where the protection is claimed”should be identify though case-by-case evaluation.Under the Law of the Application of Law for Foreign-related Civil Relations of the People’s Republic of China,“the place where the protection is claimed”should be defined in two situations as a whole.In one case,as a connecting point of the ownership and content of intellectual property right,“the place where the protection is claimed”should be defined as the origin place of right;In the other,as a connecting point of the liability for intellectual property infringement,“the place where the protection is claimed”should be defined as the place of infringe act that most closely related to the case.

关 键 词：意思自治原则 涉外知识产权侵权 法律选择 被请求保护地 

分 类 号：D997.1[政治法律—国际法学]