迁台初期国民党当局对留美知识分子的联系、调查与宣传  

The Contact,Investigation and Propaganda of the Kuomintang Authorities for Chinese Intellectuals in the United States during the Early Stage of Their Relocation to taiwan region

作　　者：裴广强 PEI Guangqiang(School of Marxism,Harbin Institute of Technology(Shenzhen),Shenzhen 518055,Guangdong)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学(深圳)马克思主义学院,广东深圳518055

出　　处：《厦门大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2024年第4期90-102,共13页Journal of Xiamen University(A Bimonthly for Studies in Arts & Social Sciences)

摘　　要：迁台初期,国民党当局为了挽救统治危机,维系对留美知识分子的向心力,针对留美学生和学人开展了一系列的联系、调查和宣传活动。驻美“大使馆”、“教育部”在美教育文化事业顾问委员会、自台赴美人士和“行政院”辅导留学生“回国”服务委员会等通过多种方式联系学生和学人,并尝试建立联络体系;广泛开展一系列调查活动,以书面调查和走访调查相结合,了解留美知识分子群体基本信息,把握学生和学人政治倾向;通过走访宣传、书面宣传和无线电广播宣传等方式,刻意散布台湾地区“进步”消息,抹黑中华人民共和国政权,介绍回台途径。这些活动产生了一定作用,使国民党当局对留美知识分子有了较深程度的认识,为其后续加强对学生和学人的管控奠定了初步基础。但是,这些活动难言尽善,无法从根本上阻挡留美知识分子对国民党当局的日渐疏离。During the early stage of their relocation to Taiwan,the Kuomintang authorities implemented a range of measures targeting Chinese students and scholars in the United States.These measures encompassed contacts,investigations,and propaganda activities,all aimed at preventing a crisis of governance and sustaining the appeal of Kuomintang to this intellectual group.The“Embassy”in the United States,the“Ministry of Education”,and the“Executive Yuan”utilized various means to establish a system of communication with Chinese students and scholars.They also conducted extensive investigations,combining written surveys and in-person visits,to gather basic information about the Chinese intellectual community in the United States and to ascertain their political inclinations.These activities had a certain impact,enabling the Kuomintang authorities to gain a deeper understanding of Chinese intellectuals in the United States and laying a preliminary foundation for their subsequent efforts to strengthen control over Chinese students and scholars.However,it is difficult to assert that these activities were entirely beneficial,as they failed to fundamentally halt the growing sense of alienation among Chinese intellectuals in the United States from the Kuomintang authorities.

关 键 词：迁台初期 国民党当局 留学生 留学史 向心力 

分 类 号：K271[历史地理—历史学]