从殊方异物到类物比兴:唐代南方咏物赋的写作开拓及赋史意义  

From Exotic Property to Analogical Lyricism:The Writing Expansion of Object Chanting Fu about Southern Things in Tang Dynasty and Its Significance in Fu History

作　　者：刘晓 Liu Xiao

机构地区：[1]上海师范大学人文学院,上海200234

出　　处：《中山大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第4期23-31,共9页Journal of Sun Yat-sen University(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目“唐代南方地域文人流动与文学书写的文化学考察”(20CZW012)。

摘　　要：中古时期的咏物赋中,南方之物往往具有“殊方异物”的性质,以往人们多将视角集中于魏晋南北朝,唐代文学中则关注不多。唐代咏物赋中的“南物”,在继承六朝贡物文学传统中“殊方异物”的性质外,于科举贡士的语境下,衍生出“贡物”与“贡士”的类比关系。更重要的是,随着文人履迹南方、切身知识经验的增强,赋中南方之物逐渐由“殊方异物”转变为“身边信物”,文人的类物比兴更加多元,为唐代咏物赋带来新变,这也在客观上更新了自诗骚以来建立的南方感物文学象喻系统。唐代南方物赋的多元面相,呈现出大一统政治文化下“正声”和“变声”相交织的赋文学图景,可视为唐赋对楚骚、汉赋美刺传统的延续和复归,而非“中衰”。Objects from the south often had“exotic property”殊方异物in the object-chanting fu咏物赋of ancient era.Scholars’research in the past focused on Wei,Jin,Southern and Northern Dynasties,with less emphasis on Tang Dynasty.In Tang scholars’object-chanting fu,the objects from the South,while inheriting the nature of“exotic property”from the tribute-writing tradition of the Six Dynasties,gave rise to an analogical relationship between gongwu贡物and gongsheng贡生in the context of imperial examination.With the increase of literati’s firsthand knowledge and experience about the South from their venture to the southern regions,the scope and attributes of things in the south changed from the exotic to the ordinary,diversifying literati’s metaphorization of similar objects,changing the writing of object-chanting fu by Tang writers and updating the metaphorical system of southern sensory literature since the Shi sao诗骚tradition.The diversity of object-chanting fu about southern things in the Tang Dynasty presented a fu landscape interweaving“orthodox voice”正声and“changing voice”变声under the backdrop of centralized political culture,serving as a restoration to the“praise and satire”tradition established by Chusao楚骚and Hanfu汉赋,rather than a“halfway decline”中衰.

关 键 词：唐代 南方 咏物赋 殊方异物 文人流动 

分 类 号：I207.22[文学—中国文学] K242[历史地理—历史学]