论万树《词律》的理念误区与曲学渊源  

A Study on the Misconception in Wan Shu’s Cilüand His Misconstruction of Qu Studies

作　　者：莫崇毅 Mo Chongyi

机构地区：[1]中山大学中国语言文学系,广州510275

出　　处：《中山大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第4期62-70,共9页Journal of Sun Yat-sen University(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目“清词自注研究”(20CZW022)。

摘　　要：万树《词律》作为清初词律研究的标志性成果,为清代词学奠定了重视格律的基础。《词律》中的一些重要理念如被泛化的同调异体、严分上去、四声填词、“音理失传而词格具在”等皆产生了深远的影响。但是这些理念在清代词学史上也遭到了挑战。通过对唐五代、北宋词作的考核,会发现这些理念确实存在问题。参考元、明曲学,可知万树这些理念并非来自于他对唐宋词的研究,而是源于其对元、明曲学的套用,以致《词律》及受其影响的清人声律观在底层逻辑上存在缺陷。As a landmark achievement in the early Qing Dynasty,Cilü词律by Wan Shu万树laid a foundation for the ci词studies in the Qing Dynasty emphasizing metrical rules.Some important ideas in Cilü,such as the same tonal pattern with different forms,strict distinction between shang上and qu去tone,the use of the four tones in lyrics,and the idea of“when musical theory is lost,the poetic structure remains”,have produced far-reaching influences.But these ideas were also challenged in the history of ci studies in Qing Dynasty.By examining the ci works of the Tang Dynasty,Five Dynasties,and the Northern Song Dynasty,we can find flaws in these concepts.With reference to qu曲studies in Yuan and Ming Dynasties,we can see that Wan Shu’s ideas did not stem from his study of Tang and Song ci poetry,but from his misconstruction of qu studies,leading to inherent logical flaws in Cilüand the Qing scholars’views on metrical rules influenced by it.

关 键 词：《词律》 音理 格律 《啸余谱》 北曲 

分 类 号：I207.23[文学—中国文学]