抗战时期大后方水泥工业统制措施及其影响——以四川水泥公司为中心的分析  

The Measures of the Controlled Economy and Their Influences on the Cement Industry in the Rear Area during the Anti-Japanese War:An Analysis Focusing on Sichuan Cement Company

作　　者：卢征良[1] Lu Zhengliang

机构地区：[1]西南民族大学旅游与历史文化学院,成都610041

出　　处：《中山大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第4期83-93,共11页Journal of Sun Yat-sen University(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金后期资助项目“抗战时期大后方省营企业公司研究”(19FZSB013)。

摘　　要：中日全面战争爆发后,为了准备长期抗战,国民政府经济部工矿调整处设立水泥管理委员会作为统制大后方水泥的核心机构,对水泥工业施行了严格的统制,以保障军事民用的需要。战时水泥工业统制涉及企业近十家,其中尤以四川水泥公司最具典型性和代表性。水泥管理委员会通过配发准购证及核定销售价格等方式,全面控制了四川水泥公司产品生产和分配。战时水泥统制的施行一方面有利于保障战时军事物资供应,为抗战的胜利做出了巨大的贡献;另一方面,在严密的统制经济管控之下,四川水泥公司丧失了自主定价和自由经营权力,从而导致经营效益日趋下滑,对企业发展产生了诸多方面的负面影响。After the outbreak of the Sino-Japanese War,the Nationalist Government,in preparation for a long-term war of resistance,implemented the controlled economy practice on the cement industry to ensure the needs of military and civilian being met.The Cement Management Committee was set up,as the core organization to control the Sichuan Cement Company,by the Industrial and Mining Adjustment Office of the Ministry of Economic Affairs of the National Government.During wartime,nearly ten cement enterprises was under the economic control,among which Sichuan Cement Company was the most typical and representative.The committee achieved a comprehensive control over the cement in the rear areas by issuing permits and setting sales prices.On the one hand,the implementation of cement control system played a great role in ensuring the supply of military materials during the war and made a great contribution to the victory of the Anti-Japanese War,on the other hand,it is also undeniable that under the strict economic control,Sichuan Cement Company lost its autonomy in pricing and free management,which led to a decline in operational efficiency and various negative impacts on the company’s development.

关 键 词：抗战时期 四川水泥公司 统制经济 

分 类 号：K265[历史地理—历史学] F426.71[历史地理—中国史]