钢铁废水处理中反渗透膜污染及清洗方法研究  

RO membrane fouling and cleaning methods researched in steel wastewater

作　　者：杨晓明 YANG Xiaoming(MCC Huatian Engineering&Technology Corporation,Nanjing 210019,China)

机构地区：[1]中冶华天南京工程技术有限公司,江苏南京210019

出　　处：《技术与市场》2024年第7期85-88,92,共5页Technology and Market

摘　　要：中央水处理站收集的炼铁、炼钢、轧钢等废水中化学需氧量(COD)、盐分含量高,对反渗透膜产生严重的膜污染,直接影响生产新水的补充。钢铁废水对反渗透造成的膜污染是有机污染、无机污染的复合污染类型,依靠单一的氢氧化钠或盐酸清洗方式,难以去除膜污染并恢复膜通量。膜清洗时,应先去除有机污染,后去除无机污染。配制有机污染清洗剂,应考虑到复杂的有机污染成分,清洗剂中添加EDTA-4Na、十二烷基苯磺酸钠等活性成分。通过元素能谱分析,无机污染物中主要是硫酸钙、碳酸钙的复合盐结垢。去除无机污染时,应先使用碳酸钠溶液清洗,通过置换作用将微溶的硫酸钙转换为难溶的碳酸钙,最后再用盐酸溶液清洗即可恢复膜通量。The wastewater collected by the central water treatment station from iron-smelting,steelmaking,and steel rolling has high COD and salt content,which causes serious membrane fouling to the reverse osmosis membrane and directly affects the replenishment of new water for production.The membrane fouling caused by steel wastewater on reverse osmosis is a composite type of organic and inorganic pollutants.Relying on a single sodium hydroxide or hydrochloric acid cleaning method makes it difficult to remove membrane fouling and restore membrane flux.When cleaning the membrane,organic pollution should be removed first,and then inorganic pollution should be removed.When preparing organic pollution cleaning agents,complex organic pollution components should be considered,and active ingredients such as EDTA-4Na and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate should be added to the cleaning agent.Through elemental spectroscopy analysis,it was found that the inorganic pollutants are mainly composed of composite salts of CaSO 4 and CaCO 3 for scaling.When removing inorganic pollution,sodium carbonate solution should be used for cleaning first,and the slightly soluble CaSO 4 should be converted into insoluble CaCO 3 through displacement.Finally,rinse with a hydrochloric acid solution to restore membrane flux.

关 键 词：钢铁废水 反渗透 膜污染 膜清洗 

分 类 号：X757[环境科学与工程—环境工程]