规模化养殖园区土壤中抗生素污染特征和生态风险评价  

Antibiotic Contamination Characteristics and Ecological Risk Assessment in Soils of Large-scaled Culturing Farms

作　　者：陈进 王亚娟 陶红[1,2] 张锐 CHEN Jin;WANG Ya-juan;TAO Hong;ZHAGN Rui(School of Geography and Planning,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China;Key Laboratory(China-Arab)of Resource Evaluation and Environmental Regulation of Arid Region in Ningxia,Yinchuan 750021,China;School of Economics and Management,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学地理科学与规划学院,银川750021 [2]宁夏(中阿)旱区资源评价与环境调控重点实验室,银川750021 [3]宁夏大学经济管理学院,银川750021

出　　处：《环境科学》2024年第7期4302-4311,共10页Environmental Science

基　　金：宁夏回族自治区自然科学基金项目(2020AAC03054,2020BEB04008);宁夏回族自治区科技攻关(支撑)计划项目(2018BEG03005,2021BEG0313)。

摘　　要：采集规模化养殖园区不同土地利用类型的土壤,采用高效液相色谱仪检测土壤中抗生素的含量,分析抗生素与土壤理化性质之间的关系,并利用风险商值法对养殖场园区土壤中的抗生素进行生态风险评价.结果表明,养殖场周边土壤受到不同程度的抗生素污染,其中检出率和含量平均值最高的是四环素(TC);不同土地利用类型的土壤中,ω(抗生素)平均值大小排序为:玉米地(1.48μg·kg^(-1))>养殖场围栏外0.5 m处(1.27μg·kg^(-1))>山药地(1.03μg·kg^(-1))>牧草地(0.69μg·kg^(-1))>林地(0.18μg·kg^(-1));冗余分析结果显示,全氮、全磷和纤维素酶对土壤样品中抗生素的含量影响较大.根据生态风险评价结果可知,土霉素(OTC)、金霉素(CTC)、强力霉素(DOC)、环丙沙星(CIP)和四环素(TC)属于低风险等级,磺胺嘧啶(SD)和磺胺二甲嘧啶(SM2)为中高风险,应当重视对养殖场周边土壤抗生素污染管控,加强兽用抗生素的管理.The soils of different land use types in large-scaled culturing farms were collected for detecting the contents of antibiotics in these soils by applying high-performance liquid chromatography,analyzing the relationship between antibiotics and physicochemical properties of soils,as well as performing the ecological risk assessment of antibiotics in the soils of culturing farms by using the risk quotient method.The results showed that the surrounding soils of the culturing farm were contaminated by antibiotics to varying degrees,in which tetracycline had the highest detection rate and average content.Among the soils of different land use types,the average contents of antibiotics were ranked as corn field(1.48μg·kg^(-1))>0.5 meters outside the farm fence(1.27μg·kg^(-1))>yam field(1.03μg·kg^(-1))>pasture(0.69μg·kg^(-1))>woodland(0.18μg·kg^(-1)).According to the redundancy analysis results,the total nitrogen,total phosphorus,and cellulase had a great impact on the antibiotic content in soil samples.It can be concluded from the ecological risk assessment that oxytetracycline(OTC),chlortetracycline(CTC),doxycycline(DOC),ciprofloxacin(CIP),and tetracycline(TC)were categorized in the low risk level.Sulfadiazine(SM)and sulfadimidine(SM2)were categorized in the medium and high risk levels.It is of the upmost importance to control the antibiotic contamination in surrounding soils of culturing farms and to strengthen the management of veterinary antibiotics.

关 键 词：抗生素 污染特征 冗余分析 风险评价 养殖场 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]