金属有机框架/聚合物复合材料的制备方法  

Preparation Strategies of Metal-Organic Framework/Polymer Composites

作　　者：耿玘薇 班雅慧 张剑铎 季修文 张珍坤[1] GENG Qi-wei;BAN Ya-hui;ZHANG Jian-duo;JI Xiu-wen;ZHANG Zhen-kun(Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education,College of Chemistry,Nankai University,Tianjin 300071,China)

机构地区：[1]南开大学化学学院高分子化学研究所,功能高分子材料教育部重点实验室,天津300071

出　　处：《离子交换与吸附》2024年第3期196-209,I0002,共15页Ion Exchange and Adsorption

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(基金号52273022)。

摘　　要：由于具有诸多优异性能,金属有机框架(Metal-Organic Frameworks,MOFs)成为过去20多年中广受关注的材料之一。MOF材料在实验室水平上已经展示出很多领域的潜在应用前景,同时部分MOF材料已实现工业化量产。MOF材料当前及未来的研究重点是如何克服其内在的一些缺陷而实现规模化的实际应用。MOF与聚合物材料复合可以融合二者各自的材料特性,为迎接MOF大规模实际应用所面临的诸多挑战提供一定的解决方案。因此,MOF/聚合物复合材料的制备及其应用成为近几年的研究热点,文献报道了多种思路来制备功能各异的MOF/聚合物复合材料。文章总结了当前制备这类材料的主要策略及各自存在的问题,涵盖MOF粉体与聚合物材料直接共混后加工制备的各种形态的复合材料,如混合基质膜、复合树脂球以及纳米纤维复合材料等;将MOF的前体引入聚合物本体材料中原位合成MOF;在聚合物基底上合成MOF材料来构建聚合物支撑的MOF薄膜、纤维以及核壳结构的颗粒状复合材料等。Due to their unique properties,metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)have been one of the intensively investigated materials in the past twenty years.Many potential applications of MOFs in diverse fields have also been demonstrated at the laboratory level,and several kinds of MOFs have been produced at the industry scale.However,practical applications of MOFs have been hammered by their inherent shortcomings.Tackling such challenges should be the main focus at the current time and in the future.Besides integrating their respective properties into one material,combination of MOFs and conventional polymeric materials could partially solve some of the shortcomings of MOFs.Therefore,MOF/polymeric composite materials have attracted intensive attention in recent years,leading to several strategies to prepare many kinds of such composite materials with diverse functionalities.In the current review,we aim to summarize the pros and cons of the main preparation strategies of MOF/polymeric composite materials.Herein,the following aspects are covered:Direct mixing MOF powders with polymers in solvents and then processing into such materials as mixed matrix membranes,composite resin balls and nanofibers;In situ synthesis of MOFs by imparting the precursors of MOFs into polymeric matrix;Using polymeric materials as the supporting substrates for MOF preparations towards polymer supported films,core-shell fibers and spherical MOF/polymeric composite materials.

关 键 词：金属有机框架 纳米颗粒 多孔特性 复合材料 

分 类 号：TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]