铁尾矿、煤矸石制备高性能陶粒的工艺初探  

PRELIMINARY STUDY ON PREPARATION PROCESS OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE CERAMSITE FROM IRON ORE TAILINGS AND COAL GANGUE

作　　者：张武举 马雯卓 潘建[1,3] 朱德庆[1,3] 杨聪聪[1,3] 郭正启 ZHANG Wuju;MA Wenzhuo;PAN Jian;ZHU Deqing;YANG Congcong;GUO Zhengqi(School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering,Central South University,Changsha 410083,China;Anhui Huaihai New Material Co.,Ltd.,Huaibei 235047,China;Low Carbon and Hydrogen Metallurgy Research Center,Central South University,Changsha 410083,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学资源加工与生物工程学院,长沙410083 [2]安徽淮海新材料有限责任公司,安徽淮北235047 [3]中南大学低碳与氢冶金研究中心,长沙410083

出　　处：《环境工程》2024年第6期94-102,共9页Environmental Engineering

基　　金：湖南省重点研发计划项目(2022SK2075)。

摘　　要：以铁尾矿、煤矸石作为原料,借鉴钢铁冶金中铁矿球团造块的方法和装备来制备高强轻质陶粒。考察了造球参数对陶粒坯体性能的影响,以及焙烧制度对陶粒性能的影响,并探究了陶粒的物相组成、结构与其性能的构效关系,以实现陶粒性能调控。结果表明:基于Riley化学成分三相图计算出45%铁尾矿与55%煤矸石的配料结构,在原料粒度为-0.074 mm占比60%、造球时间8 min、生坯含水率10.5%的条件下制备生坯,生坯干燥后在1175℃温度下焙烧25 min制得陶粒,其堆积密度、表观密度、1 h吸水率和筒压强度分别为859 kg/m^(3)、1705 kg/m^(3)、8.0%和6.7 MPa,满足高强轻质陶粒各项指标要求。陶粒的主要物相为石英、长石和赤铁矿,可为陶粒提供强度;陶粒中发达的孔洞有利于降低堆积密度、表观密度,但陶粒外层孔洞过度发达,易对筒压强度产生不利影响。In this study,iron ore tailings and coal gangue were used as raw materials to prepare high-strength and lightweight ceramsite by referring to the methods and equipment of iron ore pelletization in ferrous metallurgy.The influence of pelleting parameters on the properties of the pellet,and the influence of roasting parameters on the properties of ceramsite were investigated,and the structure-function relationship among the phase composition,structure,and performance of the ceramsite was explored.The results showed that the composition structure of 45%iron ore tailings and 55%coal gangue was calculated based on Riley’s three-phase diagram,and the green pellet was prepared under the conditions of 60%of particle size below 0.074 mm,8 min pelletizing duration,and 10.5%moisture.After drying,the dried pellet was roasted at 1175℃for 25 min to prepare ceramsite.The bulk density,apparent density,1 h water absorption,and cylinder compressive strength was 859 kg/m^(3),1705 kg/m^(3),8.0%,and 6.7 MPa,which meet the requirements of various indexes of high-strength and light-weight ceramsite.The main phases of the ceramsite are quartz,feldspar,and hematite,which can provide strength for ceramsite.The well-developed pores in the ceramsite are beneficial to reducing bulk density,and apparent density,but the over-developed pores of the outer layer harm the cylinder compression strength.

关 键 词：铁尾矿 煤矸石 高强轻质陶粒 球团 

分 类 号：TD926.4[矿业工程—选矿] TD849.5[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X75