油脂对餐厨废弃物好氧堆肥腐殖化过程的影响  

EFFECTS OF OIL ON HUMIFICATION PROCESS OF AEROBIC COMPOSTING OF KITCHEN WASTE

作　　者：邓杰 魏雨泉 王宇蕴[1] 张奎[2,3] 詹亚斌 常远 陶玥玥 王海候[4] 徐智[1,2] 李季[2,3] DENG Jie;WEI Yuquan;WANG Yuyun;ZHANG Kui;ZHAN Yabin;CHANG Yuan;TAO Yueyue;WANG Haihou;XU Zhi;LI Ji(College of Resources and Environmental Science,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201,China;Organic Recycling Research Institute(Suzhou),China Agricultural University,Suzhou 215100,China;College of Resources and Environmental Sciences,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China;Jiangsu Taihu Regional Institute of Agricultural Sciences,Suzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Suzhou 215155,China)

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学资源与环境学院,昆明650201 [2]中国农业大学有机循环研究院(苏州),江苏苏州215100 [3]中国农业大学资源与环境学院,北京100193 [4]江苏太湖地区农业科学研究所苏州市农业科学院,江苏苏州215155

出　　处：《环境工程》2024年第6期111-118,共8页Environmental Engineering

基　　金：云南省重大科技专项计划(202202AE090025);国家自然科学基金项目(32160744);云南省高层次人才培养支持计划青年拔尖人才专项(YNWR-QNBJ-2019-249)。

摘　　要：油脂作为餐厨废弃物中的成分,对餐厨废弃物堆肥有着重要影响。在餐厨废弃物中添加0(T1)、3%(T2)、6%(T3)、12%(T4)的植物油进行好氧堆肥,油脂添加量以堆肥添加的餐厨废弃物干重为基准,通过表征堆肥过程中理化性质、腐植酸组分、腐植酸前体变化规律,研究了油脂对餐厨废弃物好氧堆肥过程中腐殖化过程的影响。结果表明:添加不同浓度油脂的餐厨废弃物,经过30 d好氧堆肥后,T1—T4处理组堆肥均达到腐熟要求,最高温度分别为70.9,64.8,65,67.2℃,堆肥高温期均达到7 d以上,种子发芽率分别为119.22%、113.50%、114.03%和120.52%。T2、T3、T4处理组在堆肥高温期油脂发生累积,油脂含量最高时为初始油脂含量的1.66,1.99,1.76倍。堆肥第30天时,T1—T4处理组的胡富比(HA/FA)分别为0.55、0.70、0.80、1.30,含油量为12%时,胡富比最高,说明含油量为12%时,堆肥腐殖化程度最强。添加12%油脂可以延长堆肥高温期,促进前体物质形成,从而促进堆肥腐殖化过程。冗余分析结果表明,油脂含量与腐植酸前体物质和腐殖质组分形成含量呈显著正相关。综上,当油脂含量为餐厨废弃物干重的12%时,油脂降解对餐厨废弃物好氧堆肥腐殖化过程的促进作用最好。As an important component of kitchen waste,oil has an important influence on kitchen waste composting.In this study,0%(T1),3%(T2),6%(T3),and 12%(T4)vegetable oil were added to the kitchen waste for aerobic composting.The amount of oil added was based on the dry weight of the kitchen waste added to the compost.The effects of oils on the humification of kitchen waste aerobic composting were studied by characterizing the changes in physical and chemical properties,humic acid components,and humic acid precursors in the composting process.The results showed that:After 30 days of aerobic composting of the kitchen waste with different concentrations of oil,the compost of different treatment groups reached the requirements of decomposition,and the highest temperature was 70.9℃,64.8℃,65℃and 67.2℃,respectively.The high-temperature period of compost reached more than 7 days.The germination rates of seeds were 119.22%,113.50%,114.03%,and 120.52%,respectively.In the T2,T3,and T4 treatment groups,oil accumulation occurred at high temperatures,and the highest oil content was 1.66 times,1.99 times,and 1.76 times the initial oil content.On the 30th day of composting,the HA/FA ratio of the four treatment groups was 0.55,0.70,0.80,and 1.30,respectively.The HA/FA ratio was the highest when the oil content was 12%,indicating that the humification degree of compost was the strongest when the oil content was 12%.Adding 12%oil can prolong the high-temperature period of compost and promote the formation of precursors,thus promoting the humification process of compost.The results of redundancy analysis showed that the content of oil was positively correlated with the formation of humic acid precursors and humus components.In conclusion,when the oil content is 12%of the dry weight of food waste,the degradation of oil has the best effect on the humification process of kitchen waste aerobic compost.

关 键 词：餐厨废弃物 油脂 好氧堆肥 腐殖化 

分 类 号：S141.4[农业科学—肥料学]