山地森林下垫面湍流通量贡献区时空特征及其影响因素研究  

Spatiotemporal Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Turbulent Flux Contribution Zones on Mountain Forest Underlying Surfaces

作　　者：张焱 张胤洲 叶京 张峻搏 潘小乐[1,2] 刘兰忠 王自发 程雪玲[1,2] ZHANG Yan;ZHANG Yinzhou;YE Jing;ZHANG Junbo;PAN Xiaole;LIU Lanzhong;WANG Zifa;CHENG Xueling(Institute of Atmospheric Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100029;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049;Shanghuang Observatory for Ecological Environment at the Top of Atmospheric Boundary Layer,Institute of Atmospheric Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Jinhua,Zhejiang Province 321203)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院大气物理研究所,北京100029 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]中国科学院大气物理研究所大气边界层顶生态环境上黄观测站,浙江金华321203

出　　处：《气候与环境研究》2024年第3期253-266,共14页Climatic and Environmental Research

基　　金：国家重点研发计划“化学气候综合站关键监测技术与装备”2023YFC3705300。

摘　　要：通量贡献区是研究地—气间碳水热通量特征的重要内容之一。本文利用FFP(Flux Footprint Prediction)模型分析了2022年6月至2023年5月上黄站通量塔通量贡献区最大贡献度位置距塔体的距离(xcmax)、累计贡献达80%的最大延伸距离(x80)及其覆盖面积(S80)的时空特征及其影响因素。研究结果显示:(1)上黄站通量贡献区总体向东南方位延伸为主,西部次之,但夏季西部的通量贡献同样重要。此外,夜间和白天通量均以东南方向的贡献为主,但相对夜间,白天西部的通量贡献有所增加。(2)季节间通量贡献区的xcmax(8.25~14.42 m)、x80(169.38~235.23 m)和S80(24413.18~74723.86 m2)存在明显的差异。夜间xcmax、x80和S80明显大于白天。(3)通量贡献区延伸方向的季节(昼夜)间差异主要受风向变化影响,而xcmax、x80和S80的季节(昼夜)间的差异主要是由风速差异导致。研究结果有助于评估涡动通量塔的空间代表性,控制碳水热通量数据质量,理解通量变化特征,同时可服务于通量观测尺度拓展。Understanding the characteristics of flux contribution zones based on the observation of carbon,water,and heat fluxes using the eddy correlation method is an important research topic.This study utilized the flux footprint prediction(FFP)model to analyze the spatiotemporal characteristics of the maximum contribution distance from the tower body(xcmax),maximum extension distance covering 80%of the cumulative contribution(x80),and corresponding area(S80)of flux contribution areas at Shanghuang station flux tower from June 2022 to May 2023,as well as their influencing factors.The results showed the following:(1)The overall flux contribution areas at Shanghuang station mainly extended in the southeast direction,followed by the west.Furthermore,the contribution of western areas was important in the summer.In addition,nighttime and daytime flux contributions mainly originated from the southeast;however,daytime contributions from western areas increased compared with their nighttime contributions.(2)Significant seasonal differences were observed in xcmax(8.25-14.42 m),x80(169.38-235.23 m),and S80(24413.18-74723.86 m²).The nighttime values for xcmax,x80,and S80 were significantly larger than those during the daytime.(3)Differences in the extension directions of flux contribution areas were mainly influenced by changes in wind direction,while seasonal and diurnal variations in xcmax,x80,and S80 were mainly attributed to differences in wind speed.These research findings assist in evaluating the spatial representativeness of turbulent flux towers;controlling the quality of carbon,water,and heat flux data;understanding flux variability characteristics;and extending the scales of flux observations.

关 键 词：涡动相关法 山地森林下垫面 通量贡献区 FFP模型 

分 类 号：P425.23[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]