炼铜用耐火材料研究进展  

Research Progress of Refractory Materials Used in Copper Smelting

作　　者：陈玉娥 任鑫英 左小坦 赵立 王恩会 侯新梅[1] CHEN Yu'e;REN Xinying;ZUO Xiaotan;ZHAO Li;WANG Enhui;HOU Xinmei(Institute for Carbon Neutrality,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China;Wuhu Xinxing Ductile Iron Pipes Co.,Ltd.,Wuhu 241000,China)

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学碳中和研究院,北京100083 [2]芜湖新兴铸管有限责任公司,安徽芜湖241000

出　　处：《铜业工程》2024年第3期97-109,共13页Copper Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52025041)资助。

摘　　要：炼铜工艺的稳定顺行离不开耐火材料的有力支撑。本文概述了炼铜工艺及其所需的耐火材料,说明了炼铜炉不同部位耐火材料的主要类型、性能特点和制备工艺,重点介绍了炼铜过程中常用镁铬质耐火材料、镁铝质耐火材料和其他新型耐火材料。随着材料科学的不断发展和环保要求的不断提高,研究者针对镁铬质耐火材料的性能优化和带来的环境问题、镁铝质耐火材料的材料特性和渣蚀问题,以及其他新型耐火材料的性能调控问题等开展了系统研究,为炼铜工艺技术的不断优化提供了有力支持。尽管炼铜用耐火材料在服役性能方面的研究已取得显著进展,但仍面临应用成本高、对环境不够友好、新材料制备与开发困难等问题。基于此,提出下一步耐火材料性能提升和节能环保的研究方向。As one of the crucial metal smelting processes,the stability and continuous operation of copper smelting strongly rely on the refractory materials.This review firstly summarized the copper smelting process and the required refractories.The main types,charac⁃teristics and preparation techniques of refractory materials used in different parts of the copper smelting furnace.The focus was placed on magnesia-chrome refractories,magnesia-alumina refractories,and other new refractories.With the continuous development of materi⁃als science and the continuous improvement of environmental protection requirements,researchers had conducted extensive studies on the performance optimization and environmental issues posed by magnesia-chrome refractories,the material characteristics and slag erosion issues of magnesia-alumina refractories and the performance optimization of other new types of refractory materials,which pro⁃vided strong support for the continuous optimization and upgrading of copper smelting technology.Despite significant progress in the service performance of refractories used in copper smelting,challenges still remained including high costs,environmental unfriendli⁃ness during usage,and difficulties in the preparation and development of new materials.On this basis,future research directions were proposed to enhance the performance of refractory materials and achieve energy-efficient and environmentally friendly production.Through these efforts,the sustainable development of the copper smelting industry would be promoted.

关 键 词：炼铜 耐火材料 镁铬质耐火材料 镁铝质耐火材料 

分 类 号：TG146.1[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] TQ174[金属学及工艺—金属材料]