高性能Cu-Ni-Si系合金研究现状及发展趋势  

Research Status and Development Trend of High-Performance Cu-Ni-Si Alloys

作　　者：刘军 曹祎程[1,2] 米绪军 解浩峰 米振莉 彭丽军[1,2] LIU Jun;CAO Yicheng;MI Xujun;XIE Haofeng;MI Zhenli;PENG Lijun(State Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals and Processes,GRINM Group Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100088,China;GRIMAT Engineering Institute Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 101407,China;General Research Institute for Nonferrous Met-als,Beijing 100088,China;School of Materials Science and Engineering,South China University of Technolo-gy,Guangzhou 510640,China;National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Rolling and Intelligent Manufacturing,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]中国有研科技集团有限公司有色金属材料制备加工国家重点实验室,北京100088 [2]有研工程技术研究院有限公司,北京101407 [3]北京有色金属研究总院,北京100088 [4]华南理工大学材料科学与工程学院,广东广州510640 [5]北京科技大学高校轧制与智能制造国家工程研究中心,北京100083

出　　处：《铜业工程》2024年第3期152-162,共11页Copper Engineering

基　　金：科技创新2025重大专项(2021Z084);国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFB0301302)资助。

摘　　要：先进铜基材料具有广阔的市场及良好的发展前景。相比于Cu-Be, Cu-Fe-P, Cu-Cr等合金而言,Cu-Ni-Si系合金具有高强度、较高的导电率、良好的抗高温软化、抗应力松弛性能及低廉的价格等优点,广泛应用于机械制造、航空航天、交通运输、电子和电气工程等工业领域。本文首先介绍了Cu-Ni-Si系合金的发展现状,并从产品性能及产业化方面论述了国内外存在的差异。该合金发展趋势主要是朝着先进高强高导弹性铜合金方向发展,核心挑战是在提升强度的同时保持甚至提高导电性能,并且由于服役环境的复杂化及服役时间的延长,对于材料服役性能的可靠稳定性也提出了更为严苛的要求。最后从成分设计、加工及形变热处理工艺、时效析出行为、服役性能等方面综述了CuNi-Si系合金的研究现状,并针对目前该材料存在的不足,展望了高强度高导电铜合金的未来发展趋势。Advanced copper-based materials have a broad market and good development prospects.Compared with Cu-Be,Cu-Fe-P,Cu-Cr and other alloys,Cu-Ni-Si alloys have the advantages of high strength,high conductivity,good high temperature softening resis⁃tance,stress relaxation resistance and low price,so they are widely used in various industrial fields such as machinery manufacturing,aerospace,transportation,electronics and electrical engineering.In this paper,the development status of Cu-Ni-Si alloys was intro⁃duced,and the differences between domestic and foreign alloys were described in terms of product performance and industrialization.The core challenge was to maintain or even improve the conductivity while improving the strength,and due to the complexity of the ser⁃vice environment and the extension of the service time,the service performance reliability and stability of the material were also more stringent.Finally,the research status of Cu-Ni-Si alloys was reviewed from the aspects of composition design,processing,deformation heat treatment process,aging precipitation behavior,service performance,etc.,and the future development trend of high-strength and high-conductivity copper alloys was expected in view of the current shortcomings of this material.

关 键 词：Cu-Ni-Si系合金 铜合金 高强高导 引线框架 发展趋势 

分 类 号：TG146[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]