对位芳纶的结构与缺陷对其力学性能的影响  

Effect of structure and defects of para-aramid fiber on its mechanical properties

作　　者：路慧颖 唐凯 雒瑞银 张建红 刘书杰 于宏广 林威宏 王忠伟 杜志林 滕翠青[1] LU Huiying;TANG Kai;LUO Ruiyin;ZHANG Jianhong;LIU Shujie;YU Hongguang;LIN Weihong;WANG Zhongwei;DU Zhilin;TENG Cuiqing(College of Materials Science and Engineering,State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials,Donghua University,Shanghai,China;Ningxia Taihe Aramid Fiber Co.,Ltd.,Yinchuan,Ningxia,China;Taihe New Materials Group Co.,Ltd.,Yantai,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]东华大学材料科学与工程学院,纤维材料改性国家重点实验室,上海 [2]宁夏泰和芳纶纤维有限责任公司,宁夏回族自治区银川 [3]泰和新材集团股份有限公司,山东烟台

出　　处：《东华大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第4期76-82,共7页Journal of Donghua University(Natural Science)

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2021YFB3700102)。

摘　　要：聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺(PPTA)纤维具有优异的力学性能、耐化学腐蚀性能以及阻燃性能,在航空航天、国防、民用等领域得到了广泛应用,是一种新型战略性材料。对4种不同规格的对位芳纶的力学性能、相对分子质量、聚集态结构以及纤维表面及内部缺陷进行研究,建立纤维结构、缺陷与性能之间的关系。结果表明:在具有相同化学分子结构的前提下,聚合物相对分子质量是影响纤维力学性能的重要因素之一,随着相对分子质量的增加,纤维的强度和模量增加。对位芳纶的拉伸强度主要与其结晶度、取向度、表面缺陷以及内部微孔缺陷有关,其中结晶度和微孔缺陷最为重要。纤维的模量主要与纤维的取向度有关,结晶度及纤维内外部缺陷对纤维模量的影响较小。poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide)(PPTA)fiber,a new strategic material,has excellent mechanical properties,chemical corrosion resistance and flame retardant properties,and is widely used in aerospace,national defense,civil and other fields.The mechanical properties,relative molecular weight,aggregate structure and fiber surface and internal defects of four samples of para-aramid fibers were studied,and the relationship between properties,structure and defects of fibers was established.The results show that the relative molecular weight of PPTA is one of the important factors affecting the mechanical property of the fibers with the same chemical molecular structure,and the tensile strength and modulus of fibers increase with the increase of the relative molecular weight.The tensile strength of para-aramid is mainly related to its crystallinity,orientation,surface defects and internal microporous defects,among which crystallinity and micro-defects are two important factors.The fiber modulus is mainly related to its orientation,and the influence of crystallinity and fiber internal and external defects on fiber modulus is relatively small.

关 键 词：聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺(PPTA)纤维 相对分子质量 聚集态结构 缺陷 力学性能 

分 类 号：TQ34[化学工程—化纤工业]