锦纶染色用活性分散染料的制备及性能  

Preparation and properties of reactive disperse dyes for nylon printing

作　　者：丁国庆 江华[1] DING Guoqing;JIANG Hua(Engineering Research Center for Eco-Dyeing&Finishing of Textiles,Ministry of Education,Zhejiang Sci-Tech University,Hangzhou 310018,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江理工大学生态染整技术教育部工程研究中心,杭州310018

出　　处：《现代纺织技术》2024年第7期97-107,共11页Advanced Textile Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(22278377)。

摘　　要：为提升分散染料染色锦纶的色牢度,在偶氮染料分子中引入二氯均三嗪结构作为活性基团,并采用三聚氯氰与N-乙基-N-羟乙基苯胺的缩合以及进一步与芳胺重氮盐的偶合等两步反应,设计合成出7支偶氮型活性分散染料。采用印花方式将所得活性分散染料对锦纶织物进行染色,测试染色锦纶织物的色深、固色率、色牢度、热迁移和断裂强力等性能。结果表明:染色锦纶织物具有良好的得色率、鲜艳性和匀染效果,同时具有良好的耐有机溶剂萃取性能。染色锦纶的固色率达到74%~90%,耐皂洗、耐摩擦和耐升华色牢度可达4级及以上,颜色迁移率不超过5%,显现出优异的颜色坚牢程度。该研究结果可为研发具有高色牢度特性的锦纶染色用活性分散染料提供参考。Nylon,also known as aliphatic polyamide fiber,exhibits excellent performance,such as light weight,elasticity,good thermal stability,and mechanical property.Nylon has been widely used in the manufacturing of sportswear,stockings,conveyor belts,tents,industrial fabrics,and others.Nylon can be dyed by using acid dyes,reactive dyes,or disperse dyes.Nylon fabrics dyed with acid dyes offer vibrant color shades.However,their wet fastness is relatively poor.By employing reactive dyes,the dye molecules can form covalent bonds with nylon fibers by reacting with the amino end groups.Therefore,good color fastness to wet treatment can be achieved.However,reactive dyes usually display limited deep dyeing on nylon.And,the deeper the color,the more noticeable the reduction in color fastness.Dyeing of nylon with disperse dyes provides good levelness and penetration,while exhibits poor color fastness property due to the low affinity between dyes and fibers.Reactive disperse dyes,which are constructed by attaching reactive groups to hydrophobic chromophores,combine the advantages of disperse dyes and reactive dyes.Currently,the most common approach to design reactive disperse dyes involves combining triazine and azo structures.This design concept is simple,effective,and allows for easy synthesis.However,reported molecular designs often directly combine the triazine structure with the primary amino group on the azo structure,greatly impacting the electronic effect of the azo chromophore and consequently affecting the color of the dye.This paper aimed to design seven reactive disperse dyes,E1—E7,by introducing dichlorotriazine moiety onto the hydroxyethyl group of the azo chromophore,and to synthesize the designed dyes by using a two-step method including condensation reaction and coupling reaction.The structures of these dyes were characterized and confirmed by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy,Fourier infrared spectroscopy,and high-resolution mass spectrometry.Nylon fabrics were dyed with reactive disperse dyes with a print

关 键 词：活性分散染料 锦纶 染色 固色率 色牢度 

分 类 号：TS193.2[轻工技术与工程—纺织化学与染整工程] TQ613.1[轻工技术与工程—纺织科学与工程]