微藻生物塑料生物质合成影响因素及代谢强化措施  

Influencing factors and metabolic enhancement measures for biomass synthesis of microalgae-based bioplastics

作　　者：王荣昌[1] 任海菁 陈杰 李丹 张春红 WANG Rongchang;REN Haijing;CHEN Jie;LI Dan;ZHANG Chunhong(Key Laboratory of Yangtze Aquatic Environment(MOE),College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092;Naval Medical Center,Second Military Medical University,PLA,Shanghai 200433)

机构地区：[1]同济大学环境科学与工程学院,长江水环境教育部重点实验室,上海200092 [2]海军军医大学海军特色医学中心,上海200433

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2024年第7期1-13,共13页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.51878466)。

摘　　要：微藻培养具有生长周期短、环境耐受性强、生物质丰富、吸收固定二氧化碳等优点,因此利用微藻生产生物塑料因其显著的减碳效益而具有广阔的应用前景,但是目前该工艺尚存在塑料产量低、生产效率低的问题.本文首先介绍了可用于生物塑料生产的淀粉、聚羟基烷酸脂等藻类生物质原料及其生物合成代谢途径,重点总结了氮、磷、硫等营养物质控制以及光照、pH、温度和培养模式等因素对藻类合成生物质的影响,分析了植物激素和菌藻共生等生物因素对藻类合成生物质的调控机制,并提出了相应的代谢强化和生物质增产措施.本文对微藻生物塑料的提效增产和推广应用具有技术参考价值.Microalgae cultivation has the advantages of for bioplastics production owing to its short growth generation time,environmental tolerance,abundant and diverse biomass,carbon dioxide absorption and fixation capability,etc.However,the present microalgae-based bioplastics production processes still have the challenges of low plastic output and low production efficiency.This review provides an overview of algal biomass feedstock types suitable for producing bioplastics,including carbohydrates and polyhydroxyalkane(PHA),along with their synthesis metabolic pathways.It summarizes the control of Nitrogen,phosphorus,and sulfur limitation in algal biomass production and discusses the impacts of environmental conditions including light intensity,pH,temperature and cultivation mode on algal biomass synthesis.Furthermore,it analyzes the regulating mechanisms of plant hormones and bacterial-algal symbiosis,and proposes the corresponding strategies for enhancing metabolic activities and improving biomass yield efficiency.Overall,the review offers valuable technical insights for increasing production efficiency and broadening practical application of microalgae-based bioplastics.

关 键 词：微藻生物塑料 生物质合成 影响因素 代谢调控 

分 类 号：TH3[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]