锂的淡水水质基准推导与宜春区域流域生态风险评价  

Derivation of freshwater water quality benchmark of lithium and ecological risk assessment of Yichun regional watershed

作　　者：陈文清 张鹏泽 叶丽 姚军强 王灶生 CHEN Wenqing;ZHANG Pengze;YE Li;YAO Junqiang;WANG Zaosheng(Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control in Mining and Metallurgy,Ganzhou 341000;School of Resources and Environmental Engineering,Jiangxi University of Science and Technology,Ganzhou 341000)

机构地区：[1]矿冶环境污染防控江西省重点实验室,赣州341000 [2]江西理工大学资源与环境工程学院,赣州341000

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2024年第7期251-260,共10页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：国家自然科学基金地区项目(No.21966013/B060303);江西理工大学高层次引进人才项目(No.3401223393)。

摘　　要：为实现碳中和目标,满足碳达峰和碳中和的战略需求,在新能源市场逐渐占据主体的可充电锂离子电池(LIBs)不断普及,导致我国锂矿资源开发日趋严重,不可避免地致使锂通过各种途径进入水生生态系统,对环境的影响越来越大.目前缺乏锂相关的水质标准,尚未建立相关的水质基准和生态风险评估体系.因此,本研究通过收集锂对淡水水生生物的毒性数据,运用物种敏感度分布(Species sensitivity distribution,SSD)法的4种拟合模型分别拟合急、慢性毒性数据,选择最优的拟合结果,推导锂的淡水水质基准.研究得出锂的短期水质基准值(Short-term water quality criteria,SWQC)为0.66 mg·L^(-1),长期水质基准值(Long-term water quality criteria,LWQC)为0.06 mg·L^(-1).同时,根据商值法(Risk quotient,RQ)对江西宜春范围内的两条主要河流(锦江和袁河)中锂浓度进行生态风险评价.RQ评估结果表明,受人为活动影响,宜春大部分河流区域短期评价结果为低风险,长期评价结果为中风险,对此应重视锂的生态环境影响.To pursue the carbon neutrality goal and meet the requirements of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality strategies,rechargeable lithium-ion batteries(LIBs) dominating the new energy market are becoming increasingly popular,as evidenced by the dramatic increase of Li production in China,inevitably leading to lithium inputting into aquatic ecosystems through various channels and then impacting on the environment seriously.However,until now,relevant water quality criterions(WQCs) of lithium is still underdeveloped,impeding subsequent ecological risk assessment.Under this background,toxicity data regarding lithium on freshwater organisms were firstly collected in this study,and acute/chronic toxicity data were then fitted by four models of species sensitivity distribution(SSD) method to derive the freshwater WQCs for lithium.As a result,the short-term WQC for lithium is 0.66 mg·L^(-1),and the long-term WQC is 0.06 mg·L^(-1).Meanwhile,using the risk quota(RQ) method,ecological risk regarding the two main streams within the Yichun area of Jiangxi Province were evaluated on the basis of the lithium concentration investigated.The RQ assessment results indicated that due to anthropogenic influences,most sampling sites in Yichun areas were classified separately as low and medium risk based on short-term and long-term WQC,respectively.Collectively,the ecological and environmental impacts lithium induced are worthy of remaining emerging concerns.

关 键 词：锂 物种敏感度分布(SSD) 水质基准 生态风险 宜春 

分 类 号：X820.4[环境科学与工程—环境工程]